{"id":146,"date":"2021-03-25T02:56:02","date_gmt":"2021-03-25T02:56:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pearlwhare.com\/?page_id=146"},"modified":"2021-03-26T00:06:00","modified_gmt":"2021-03-26T00:06:00","slug":"%e4%bd%9c%e5%93%81%e9%9b%86-gallery","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/pearlwhare.com\/?page_id=146","title":{"rendered":"\u4f5c\u54c1\u96c6 Gallery"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b\u827a\u672f\u5c55\u54c1\u7ffb\u8bd1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u5965\u514b\u5170\u7f8e\u672f\u99862020\u5e743\u6708-8\u6708<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Auckland Art Gallery March to August 2020<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Enchanted Worlds: Hokusai, Hiroshige and the Art of Edo Japan<\/strong>
The Edo period (1603\u20131868) in Japan was an era of unbroken peace. At this time the Tokugawa clan ruled as sh\u014dguns. Cities flourished and a merchant class prospered. These newly wealthy people pursued cultural activities and entertainments with Japan\u2019s traditional social elite \u2013 the sword-carrying military nobility known as the samurai. In the growing cities a new attitude to life took hold \u2013 the fleeting pleasures of the Floating World (ukiyo) were sought out openly celebrated. The cultural flowering associated with the Floating World took many forms, including poetry, music, theatre, fashion and the visual arts.
Enchanted Worlds: Hokusai, Hiroshige and the Art of Edo Japan concentrates on the highest art form of this period \u2013 painting on scrolls and screens, directly created with ink, brush and colour by the Edo period\u2019s greatest artists. These unique and fragile productions, prized for the glimpse they offer into the originality and skill of their famous makers, represent the art of the Floating World (ukiyo-e) at its finest.
\u6d6e\u4e16\u7ed8\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff1a\u5317\u658b\u3001\u5e7f\u91cd\u3001\u548c\u65e5\u672c\u6c5f\u6237\u827a\u672f<\/strong>
\u65e5\u672c\u6c5f\u6237\u65f6\u4ee3\uff081603-1868\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u4e3a\u5e73\u548c\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u5728\u5fb7\u5ddd\u5e55\u5e9c\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u7e41\u8363\uff0c\u5546\u4e1a\u5174\u76db\u3002\u8d22\u5bcc\u65b0\u8d35\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u8d35\u80c4\u6b66\u58eb\u9636\u5c42\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8ffd\u9010\u8d77\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u5a31\u4e50\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6ee1\u8db3\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u5d07\u5c1a\u201c\u6d6e\u4e16\u201d\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u77ed\u6682\u6b22\u6109\u7684\u601d\u6f6e\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u201c\u6d6e\u4e16\u201d\u7684\u8d5e\u9882\uff0c\u88ab\u901a\u8fc7\u8bf8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8f7d\u4f53\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u8bd7\u6b4c\u3001\u97f3\u4e50\u3001\u821e\u53f0\u5267\u3001\u65f6\u88c5\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f8e\u672f\u3002
\u300a\u7470\u4e3d\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff1a\u5317\u658b\uff0c\u5e7f\u91cd\uff0c\u548c\u65e5\u672c\u6c5f\u6237\u827a\u672f\u300b\u7740\u91cd\u4e8e\u5c55\u793a\u6c5f\u6237\u65f6\u671f\u6700\u4e3a\u9ad8\u9636\u7684\u7f8e\u672f\u5f62\u6001\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u7531\u5f53\u65f6\u540d\u671b\u6700\u76db\u7684\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u4eec\u6240\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u6c34\u58a8\u6216\u8bbe\u8272\u7684\u7acb\u8f74\u6216\u6761\u5c4f\u3002\u201c\u6d6e\u4e16\u201d\u7684\u7e41\u534e\u548c\u7f8e\u5999\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u72ec\u7279\uff0c\u7cbe\u81f4\uff0c\u5e76\u878d\u5165\u4e86\u753b\u5bb6\u6781\u81f4\u6280\u5de7\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u7efd\u653e\u4e86\u51fa\u6765\u3002


Edo City and the World of Pleasure<\/strong>
In 1603, the first Tokugawa sh\u014dgun Tokugawa Ieyasu chose the backward coastal village of Edo (modern Tokyo) as the administrative capital. Stationing himself in Edo\u2019s castle, Tokugawa forced the feudal lords (daimy\u014d) from the country\u2019s 260 provinces to live at Edo every other year \u2013 and to bring him gifts. With the continuous presence of samurai in Edo, contemporary culture began to thrive in Japan\u2019s new political centre.
\u6c5f\u6237\u57ce\u4e0e\u201c\u6d6e\u4e16\u201d<\/strong>
\u57281603\u5e74\uff0c\u5fb7\u5ddd\u5e55\u5e9c\u9996\u4efb\u5c06\u519b\u5fb7\u5ddd\u5bb6\u5eb7\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u843d\u540e\u7684\u6e14\u6751\uff0c\u6c5f\u6237\uff08\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u4e1c\u4eac\uff09\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u884c\u653f\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u9ad8\u5c45\u4e8e\u6c5f\u6237\u57ce\u5821\u4e2d\u7684\u5fb7\u5ddd\u5bb6\u5eb7\u903c\u8feb\u9a7b\u5b88\u4e8e\u65e5\u672c\u5404\u5730\u7684260\u4e2a\u5927\u540d\u8f6e\u756a\u6765\u6c5f\u6237\u5c45\u4f4f\u5e76\u4e14\u671d\u8d21\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5927\u540d\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6b66\u58eb\u9636\u5c42\u5728\u6c5f\u6237\u7684\u957f\u671f\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65e5\u672c\u65b0\u90fd\u4f1a\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e5f\u6b23\u6b23\u5411\u8363\u5730\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u3002

Painted Screens<\/strong>
Until the Edo period, the most prestigious art form in Japan was the golden screen (kin by\u014dbu). Illustrated on these were scenes from nature and military history, and they were displayed in pairs at the court and temples. In the Edo period, the newly rich townsfolk of Kyoto, Edo and Osaka aspired to own more contemporary screens. They commissioned town painters (machi-eshi) to produce screens showing daily activities and recognisable locations in and around the pleasure quarters of their cities. Today they survive as beautiful documents of the Floating World, mapping iconic sites of popular interest and recording festive occasions.
\u753b\u5c4f<\/strong>
\u81ea\u53e4\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u91d1\u5c4f\u98ce\u753b\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u5907\u53d7\u63a8\u5d07\u7684\u7f8e\u672f\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u65f6\u63cf\u7ed8\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u4f18\u7f8e\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u63cf\u7ed8\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u58ee\u9614\uff0c\u4ee5\u201c\u5bf9\u5c4f\u201d\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u9648\u5217\u4e8e\u5bab\u82d1\u6216\u5bfa\u5e99\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u6c5f\u6237\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4eac\u90fd\u3001\u6c5f\u6237\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5927\u962a\u7684\u65b0\u8d35\u4eec\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u60f3\u62e5\u6709\u5c5e\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5c4f\u98ce\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf7\u6765\u753a\u7ed8\u5e08\uff08\u672c\u5730\u753b\u5bb6\uff09\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u63cf\u6479\u5e02\u4e95\u751f\u6d3b\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f4d\u4e8e\u98ce\u6708\u573a\u5468\u906d\u7684\u540d\u80dc\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f20\u4e16\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u7ed9\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7aa5\u63a2\u6c5f\u6237\u201c\u6d6e\u4e16\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u6240\u56ca\u62ec\u7684\u6c11\u98ce\u80dc\u666f\u3001\u826f\u8fb0\u4f73\u65e5\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002

Anonymous<\/strong>
Viewing Cherry Blossoms at Kiyomizu Temple circa 1640
six-panel folding screen, ink and colour on paper
Private collection
Panoramic screens like this showed the Floating World\u2019s many delights. They were often owned by people wanting to revel in the elite leisure pursuits their new wealth allowed. This screen takes you to a bountiful and tranquil rural paradise in hills east of Kyoto, and to the Otowa Waterfall. This is home to the famed Kiyomizu-dera \u2013 the Pure Water Temple. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f5a\u540d<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6e05\u6c34\u5bfa\u8d4f\u6a31 \u7ea61640\u5e74 \u516d\u6761\u5c4f\uff0c\u7eb8\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272 \u79c1\u4eba\u6536\u85cf
\u8fd9\u4ef6\u5168\u666f\u5c4f\u98ce\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u6d6e\u4e16\u7684\u8bf8\u591a\u4e50\u8da3\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5c4f\u98ce\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u60f3\u8981\u70ab\u8000\u81ea\u5df1\u9ad8\u7aef\u7269\u8d28\u4eab\u53d7\u7684\u65b0\u8d35\u4eec\u62e5\u6709\u3002\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u5e26\u5230\u4e86\u4eac\u90fd\u4e1c\u90ca\u7684\u6797\u6cc9\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u9759\u8c27\u4f18\u7f8e\u7684\u5c71\u5ddd\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u540d\u80dc\u97f3\u7fbd\u7011\u5e03\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fdc\u8fd1\u95fb\u540d\u7684\u6e05\u6c34\u5bfa\u3002

Courtesans from the Pleasure Quarter of Gion and their kamuro (child attendants) enjoy the beauty of the flowering cherry trees while reading poetry, smoking and playing the shamisen on a rare day off. One meaning you could take from this scene is that like the cherry blossoms the women\u2019s beauty is temporary.
\u4ece\u6c5f\u6237\u8457\u540d\u98ce\u6708\u573a\u7947\u56ed\u6765\u7684\u9752\u697c\u5973\u5b50\u4ee5\u53ca\u5979\u4eec\u7684\u4f8d\u7ae5\uff0c\u5728\u4eab\u53d7\u7efd\u653e\u6a31\u82b1\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u9605\u8bfb\u7740\u8bd7\u6b4c\u96c6\u5b50\uff0c\u54c1\u5473\u7740\u70df\u67aa\uff0c\u5f39\u594f\u7740\u4e09\u5473\u7ebf\u3002\u82b1\u671f\u6781\u77ed\u7684\u6a31\u82b1\u5f71\u5c04\u4e86\u5973\u5b69\u4eec\u8f6c\u77ac\u5373\u901d\u7684\u9752\u6625\u5e74\u534e\u3002

Veiled dancers, samurai men, merchant class people and a flute player throng on the stage of the Pure Water Temple. The temple was constructed in 1633 by the Sh\u014dgun Tokugawa Iemitsu and houses several shrines. One of these is the Jishu Shrine, dedicated to \u014ckuninushi \u2013 the deity of love and matchmaking. It was said if you survived the 13-metre jump from the temple\u2019s stage your wish would be granted. Of the 234 jumpers recorded during the Edo period, about 35 did not survive to see if their wishes would come true.
\u821e\u8005\u3001\u6b66\u58eb\u3001\u5546\u4eba\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5439\u7740\u7b1b\u5b50\u7684\u4e50\u5e08\u4eec\u805a\u96c6\u5728\u6e05\u6c34\u5bfa\u7684\u9732\u53f0\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u5ea7\u57281633\u5e74\u7531\u5e55\u5e9c\u5c06\u519b\u5fb7\u5ddd\u5bb6\u5149\u6240\u5efa\u7684\u5bfa\u9662\u91cc\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u795e\u793e\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u4e3b\u795e\u793e\u4f9b\u5949\u7740\u638c\u7ba1\u5a5a\u604b\u5ac1\u5a36\u7684\u5927\u56fd\u4e3b\u795e\u3002\u4f20\u8bf4\u82e5\u662f\u7948\u613f\u8005\u80fd\u4ece\u5bfa\u966213\u7c73\u9ad8\u7684\u9732\u53f0\u4e0a\u8df3\u843d\u5e76\u4e14\u751f\u8fd8\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u613f\u671b\u5c31\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5728\u6c5f\u6237\u65f6\u4ee3\u6240\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684234\u8df3\u4e2d\uff0c\u670935\u4eba\u6ca1\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u7948\u613f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002

Springs from the Otowa Waterfall are said to bring longevity, prosperity and love. Here you see a man standing under three streams gushing from the waterfall and catching water in a bucket on his head. Nearby a samurai and two women wash themselves with the sacred water.
\u97f3\u7fbd\u7011\u5e03\u7684\u6cc9\u6c34\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u957f\u5bff\u3001\u8d22\u5bcc\uff0c\u548c\u7231\u60c5\u3002\u5728\u753b\u91cc\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7537\u4eba\u7528\u6728\u76c6\u63a5\u53d6\u4e0b\u6ce8\u7684\u4e09\u9053\u6cc9\u6c34\u3002\u5728\u7a0d\u8fdc\u5904\u53ef\u89c1\u4e00\u4f4d\u6b66\u58eb\u4e0e\u4e24\u4e2a\u5987\u4eba\u5728\u6cc9\u6c34\u4e2d\u6c90\u6d74\u3002

A walled pleasure quarter known as the Yoshiwara was created at Edo for the hospitality, prostitution and theatre industries. There, male visitors of all classes could enjoy kabuki actors and exquisitely attired courtesans (oiran). By 1642, 117 brothels operated on the Five Streets of the Yoshiwara, with the top courtesans charging close to $1,000 for a private audience. This district exemplified the Edo emphasis on pleasure-seeking and leisure, and soon became synonymous with the Floating World. Demand grew from wealthy collectors for paintings of renowned Yoshiwara beauties.
\u5409\u539f
\u6c5f\u6237\u7684\u5409\u539f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cc5\u5408\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\u4e1a\u3001\u98ce\u6708\u4e1a\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u821e\u53f0\u5267\u827a\u672f\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u5a31\u4e50\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5404\u7c7b\u7537\u5ba2\uff0c\u4ece\u8d35\u80c4\u5230\u5e03\u8863\uff0c\u6df7\u6742\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u6b23\u8d4f\u4ece\u6b4c\u821e\u4f0e\u5230\u82b1\u9b41\u7684\u5404\u5f0f\u8868\u6f14\u3002\u76f4\u81f31642\u5e74\uff0c\u5409\u539f\u7684\u4e94\u8857\u5f00\u8bbe\u4e86117\u5bb6\u98ce\u6708\u573a\u3002\u6700\u4e0a\u6d41\u7684\u98ce\u6708\u5973\u5b50\u9700\u8981\u82b1\u5c06\u8fd1$1000\u624d\u80fd\u89c1\u5230\u4e00\u9762\u3002\u5409\u539f\u662f\u6c5f\u6237\u65f6\u4ee3\u4f11\u95f2\u4eab\u4e50\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6d53\u7f29\uff0c\u98d8\u8361\u5728\u706f\u7ea2\u9152\u7eff\u7684\u6d6e\u4e16\u4e2d\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u65b0\u8d35\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5409\u539f\u7f8e\u5973\u753b\u50cf\u7684\u6536\u96c6\u53d8\u5f97\u6108\u53d1\u72c2\u70ed\u3002

Anonymous
Banquet with Music in Former Yoshiwara circa 1655
six-panel folding screen, ink and colour on paper
Private collection
When this was painted the Yoshiwara was an exotic novelty. Only a few people could experience its delights \u2013 but everyone was curious about what went on inside. We peer down through the roof. The scene combines the private, inside world with and public, outside one. Clouds made of gold leaf shimmer, creating a sense of wonder in the snippets of action they reveal and conceal.

\u4f5a\u540d
\u65e7\u5409\u539f\u7684\u996e\u5bb4 \u7ea61655\u5e74
\u516d\u6761\u5c4f\uff0c\u7eb8\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272
\u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1
\u5728\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4f5c\u54c1\u8bde\u751f\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5409\u539f\u8fd8\u662f\u53ea\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u4e0a\u6d41\u4eba\u58eb\u624d\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u65b0\u9c9c\u4e8b\u7269\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u82b8\u82b8\u5927\u4f17\u5bf9\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u9887\u611f\u597d\u5947\u3002\u4f5c\u54c1\u7528\u9e1f\u77b0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ece\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u63cf\u7ed8\u51fa\u4e86\u9690\u79c1\u7684\u5185\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0e\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u5916\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u5f3a\u70c8\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u7528\u91d1\u53f6\u5b50\u5236\u6210\u7684\u4e91\u5f69\u51f8\u663e\u4e86\u66b4\u9732\u4e0e\u9690\u79c1\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u7acb\u9762\u6469\u64e6\u51fa\u7684\u8ba9\u4eba\u60ca\u5947\u7684\u706b\u82b1\u3002

An assortment of men have arrived at the Yoshiwara entrance. They have not yet \u2013 as they had to before entering \u2013 handed over their prized swords. Among the group you see daimy\u014d (warlords), priests with shaved heads and samurai \u2013 some of whom are hiding their identities beneath large straw hats. They are greeted by the courtesans and their entourage of kamuro (child trainees), wakaimono (man servants) and yarite (older female chaperones).
\u4e00\u7fa4\u7537\u5ba2\u6765\u5230\u4e86\u5409\u539f\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u6309\u7167\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u89c4\u77e9\u89e3\u4e0b\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4f69\u5200\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u7fa4\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u51fa\u5927\u540d\u3001\u524a\u53d1\u7684\u50e7\u4fa3\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u6b66\u58eb\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u60f3\u8981\u5229\u7528\u6234\u7740\u7684\u5bbd\u6cbf\u8349\u5e3d\u9690\u853d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u4e00\u7fa4\u9752\u697c\u5973\u5b50\uff0c\u534f\u540c\u5979\u4eec\u7684\u4f8d\u7ae5\u3001\u7537\u4f63\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u9063\u624b\uff08\u5e74\u8001\u9000\u4f11\u7684\u9752\u697c\u5973\u5b50\uff09\uff0c\u51fa\u95e8\u76f8\u8fce\u3002

Once allowed into the Yoshiwara visitors would go to private rooms and tea houses. Courtesans entertained them with games, music and refreshment. Here you see a courtesan preparing to dress on the left. She will either help host the banquet taking place in the middle or join the fan dance on the right.
\u8fdb\u5165\u5409\u539f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7537\u5ba2\u4eec\u4f1a\u88ab\u8fce\u5165\u5185\u9662\u7684\u8336\u5ba4\u4e2d\u3002\u98ce\u6708\u5973\u5b50\u4f1a\u4e0e\u7537\u5ba2\u884c\u68cb\u724c\u4e4b\u620f\uff0c\u6f14\u594f\u4e50\u66f2\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u996e\u98df\u3002\u753b\u7684\u5de6\u4fa7\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u5973\u5b50\u6b63\u51c6\u5907\u66f4\u8863\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53c2\u4e0e\u753b\u9762\u6b63\u4e2d\u7684\u996e\u5bb4\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u52a0\u5165\u753b\u9762\u53f3\u4fa7\u7684\u6247\u821e\u3002
The ultimate goal of a visit to the Yoshiwara was physical intimacy with a courtesan. You see this only hinted at here in a small section of the panel. Before a visitor could enjoy this much-desired time with a courtesan, he had to pay for an expensive series of exchanges. To the left and middle we can see courtesans entertaining clients in a tea ceremony \u2013 an early stage in any successful \u2018courtship\u2019. \u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u7537\u5ba2\u4eec\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u548c\u5973\u5b50\u4eec\u4eab\u53d7\u808c\u80a4\u4e4b\u4eb2\u3002\u7537\u5973\u4e4b\u4e8b\u5f88\u9690\u6666\u5730\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u753b\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7537\u5ba2\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u5386\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7e41\u7f1b\u7684\u524d\u620f\u3002\u5728\u753b\u9762\u7684\u5de6\u4fa7\u53ca\u4e2d\u95f4\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u6b23\u8d4f\u5fc3\u4eea\u5973\u5b50\u8868\u6f14\u7684\u8336\u9053\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u53d1\u751f\u6027\u4e8b\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u524d\u620f\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002

Utagawa Toyoharu (circa 1735\u20131814)
Spring Scene in New Yoshiwara circa 1790
six-panel folding screen, ink and colour on paper
Private collection<\/strong>
In 1656 the bafuku (military government) decided to move the Yoshiwara further out of town to make it more difficult for young samurai to satisfy their temptations. The New Yoshiwara\u2019s clients were still daimy\u014d (warlords) and samurai, with some rich merchants and farmers. The bakufu permitted the brothels in the New Yoshiwara to operate their business at night, a novelty that introduced a new element of exotic appeal. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b4c\u5ddd\u4e30\u6625 \uff08\u7ea61735-1814\uff09 \u65b0\u5409\u539f\u4e4b\u6625 \u7ea61790\u5e74 \u516d\u6761\u5c4f\uff0c\u7eb8\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272 \u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1<\/strong>
\u4e3a\u4e86\u51cf\u5c11\u5e74\u8f7b\u6b66\u58eb\u7684\u7eb5\u6b32\u4e4b\u98ce\uff0c\u57281656\u5e74\uff0c\u5e55\u5e9c\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u5409\u539f\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u8ddd\u79bb\u6c5f\u6237\u5e02\u9547\u66f4\u52a0\u8fb9\u8fdc\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u65b0\u5409\u539f\u7684\u5e38\u5ba2\u4eec\u4f9d\u65e7\u662f\u5927\u540d\u3001\u6b66\u58eb\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bcc\u6709\u7684\u5546\u8d3e\u548c\u519c\u6c11\u3002\u5e55\u5e9c\u540c\u610f\u65b0\u5409\u539f\u5728\u591c\u665a\u8425\u4e1a\uff0c\u610f\u5916\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u98ce\u6708\u573a\u66f4\u52a0\u8bf1\u4eba\u800c\u795e\u79d8\u7684\u6c14\u606f\u3002

Located 11 km out of Edo, people travelled to the New Yoshiwara by boat, on horse or by foot along the Sumida River. This section of the painting shows men arriving at the gate. A covered palanquin provides a discreet form of transport for those concerned with their reputations. \u5404\u8272\u4eba\u7b49\u4e58\u7740\u8239\uff0c\u9a91\u7740\u9a6c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5f92\u6b65\u987a\u7740\u9685\u7530\u5ddd\u6765\u5230\u79bb\u6c5f\u623711\u516c\u91cc\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u65b0\u5409\u539f\u3002\u8fd9\u5e45\u753b\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u7eb7\u81f3\u6c93\u6765\u7684\u60c5\u666f\u3002\u753b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u9876\u8f7f\u5b50\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e9b\u5e0c\u671b\u4fdd\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\u540d\u8a89\u7684\u7537\u5ba2\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9690\u79c1\u3002

Men carry large lanterns that illuminate the flowering cherry trees and courtesans from one of the many tea houses carry smaller lanterns on long sticks to welcome and guide their clients. Inside the lit brothels the activities of occupants are silhouetted on rice paper walls \u2013 like a mysterious shadow play. \u5409\u539f\u7684\u7537\u4f63\u4eec\u63d0\u7740\u5927\u706f\u7b3c\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u7167\u4eae\u76db\u653e\u7684\u6a31\u82b1\u3002\u98ce\u6708\u5973\u5b50\u4eec\u5219\u63d0\u7740\u957f\u7aff\u4e0a\u88c5\u7f6e\u7684\u5c0f\u706f\u7b3c\uff0c\u5f15\u9886\u7740\u5ba2\u4eba\u3002\u5728\u70db\u706b\u7684\u6620\u7167\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c4b\u5185\u7537\u5ba2\u548c\u5973\u5b50\u7684\u8eab\u5f71\u50cf\u662f\u76ae\u5f71\u620f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u88ab\u6295\u5c04\u5728\u767d\u8272\u7684\u7eb8\u5899\u4e0a\u3002

Painted Beauty: The Invention of bijin-ga
Artists first started painting beautiful women (bijin-ga) on individual hanging scrolls (kakemonos) in the Kan\u2019ei era (1624\u20131644). Over the next 300 years the style evolved with the changing ideals of feminine beauty and fashion. The \u2018Kanbun beauty\u2019, named for the Kanbun era (1661\u20131673) was plump-faced with small features and curving lines. Kaigetsud\u014d Ando and his school (1704\u20131716) introduced a physically imposing standing beauty in striking, boldly outlined kimono. Miyagawa Ch\u014dshun (1683\u20131753) brought a graceful twisting naturalism and subtle colouration to the genre, while Katsukawa Shunsh\u014d (1726 \u20131792) included new elements of realism.
\u7b14\u4e0b\u7684\u5996\u5a06\uff1a\u7f8e\u4eba\u753b\u7684\u8bde\u751f
\u65e9\u5728\u5bbd\u6c38\u5e74\u95f4\uff081624-1644\uff09\uff0c\u753b\u5bb6\u4eec\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5377\u8f74\u4e0a\u63cf\u7ed8\u7f8e\u4eba\u56fe\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u540e\u7684300\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u4eba\u753b\u7684\u5f62\u5236\u548c\u98ce\u683c\u968f\u7740\u5bf9\u5973\u6027\u4e4b\u7f8e\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1\u800c\u8fdb\u5316\u7740\u3002\u201c\u5bbd\u6587\u7f8e\u4eba\u201d\u6709\u7740\u5bbd\u6587\u65f6\u4ee3\uff081661-1673\uff09\u7684\u5ba1\u7f8e\u3002\u5973\u6027\u7686\u662f\u8138\u5e9e\u5706\u6da6\uff0c\u4e94\u5b98\u7cbe\u7ec6\u3002\u6000\u6708\u5802\u5b89\u5ea6\u53ca\u4ed6\u7684\u753b\u6d3e\uff08\u6d3b\u8dc3\u4e8e1704-1716\u5e74\uff09\u9996\u6b21\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u4f53\u578b\u9ad8\u5927\u7684\u5973\u5b50\uff0c\u5979\u4eec\u7a7f\u7740\u7531\u7c97\u7b14\u91cd\u58a8\u6240\u63cf\u7ed8\u7684\u548c\u670d\u3002\u5bab\u5ddd\u957f\u6625\uff081683-1753\uff09\u5c06\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u66f4\u52a0\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u7f8e\u4eba\u753b\u3002\u800c\u76db\u5ddd\u6625\u7ae0\u66f4\u5728\u7f8e\u4eba\u753b\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e3b\u4e49\u6210\u5206\u3002

Anonymous
Japan
Reading Beauty circa 1665
hanging scroll, ink and colour on silk
Private collection<\/strong>
Scrolls showing individual women on an empty background emerged as a style in the Kanbun era (1661\u20131673). They met the demands (of?) merchants and samurai, who probably wanted a memento of their time with a courtesan. These beguiling paintings are known as Kanbun Beauties, and they usually feature a generalised woman in conventional poses. Here the little kendai (reading stand) and the notebooks suggest that this woman is accomplished in the arts of calligraphy, painting and poetry.
\u4f5a\u540d
\u65e5\u672c
\u8bfb\u4e66\u7f8e\u4eba \u7ea61665\u5e74
\u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7ee2\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272
\u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1<\/strong>
\u5728\u5bbd\u6587\u65f6\u4ee3\uff081661-1673\uff09\uff0c\u80cc\u666f\u7559\u767d\u7684\u7f8e\u4eba\u753b\u5f00\u59cb\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u72ec\u7279\u98ce\u683c\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f5c\u54c1\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u5bcc\u5546\u6216\u6b66\u58eb\u770b\u4f5c\u4ed6\u4eec\u548c\u67d0\u4f4d\u98ce\u6708\u5973\u5b50\u6625\u5bb5\u4e00\u591c\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u7eaa\u5ff5\u3002\u753b\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u5973\u5b50\u88ab\u79f0\u7edf\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5bbd\u6587\u7f8e\u4eba\u201d\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u753b\u4f5c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5199\u5b9e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u5927\u4f17\u5316\u7684\u7f8e\u5973\u6446\u51fa\u5343\u7bc7\u4e00\u5f8b\u7684\u9020\u578b\u3002\u5728\u5c0f\u684c\u4e0a\u653e\u7740\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5973\u5b50\u7cbe\u901a\u8bd7\u3001\u4e66\u3001\u753b\u4e4b\u827a\u3002

Kaigetsud\u014d Ando (1671\u20131743)<\/strong>
Standing Beauty circa 1710
hanging scroll, ink and colour on paper
Private collection<\/strong>
Kaigetsud\u014d And\u014d\u2019s distinctive paintings of beauties (bijin-ga) were commercially successful and widely emulated. The bold calligraphic lines and floral designs of this woman\u2019s kimono are typical of those created in the Kaigetsud\u014d School (1700\u20131714). She wears the kamome tabo (seagull) hairstyle, which was fashionable until the 1760s, and has the characteristic plump face seen in many 18th-century Japanese paintings.
\u6000\u6708\u5802\u5b89\u5ea6\uff081671-1743\uff09 \u7acb\u7f8e\u56fe \u7ea61710\u5e74 \u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7eb8\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272 \u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1<\/strong> \u5b89\u5ea6\u975e\u5e38\u5177\u6709\u4e2a\u4eba\u7279\u8272\u7684\u7f8e\u4eba\u753b\u5728\u5546\u4e1a\u4e0a\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4e14\u88ab\u5e7f\u4e3a\u6548\u4eff\u3002\u4ee5\u4e66\u6cd5\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u96c4\u6d51\u7b14\u89e6\u52fe\u52d2\u51fa\u7684\u548c\u670d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4e0a\u7cbe\u81f4\u7684\u82b1\u5349\u56fe\u7eb9\u662f\u8ba9\u4eba\u4e00\u773c\u5c31\u80fd\u8fa8\u8bc6\u7684\u6000\u6708\u5802\u753b\u6d3e\uff08\u6d3b\u8dc3\u4e8e1700-1714\u5e74\uff09\u98ce\u683c\u3002\u56fe\u4e2d\u5973\u5b50\u68b3\u77401760\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u201c\u9e25\u9af1\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u774018\u4e16\u7eaa\u7f8e\u4eba\u753b\u4e2d\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u5706\u6da6\u8138\u5e9e\u3002

Yamazaki J\u014dry\u016b (active 1716-1744)
Beauty Teasing a Cat circa 1740
hanging scroll, ink and colour on paper
Private collection<\/strong>
Yamazaki J\u014dry\u016b started painting at the age of six. A self-taught artist, she mainly painted courtesans and often added lines of her own poetry to her images. Notice the cigar the courtesan holds as she teases a cat that playfully climbs over her body. This scene is inspired by the story of a woman playing with a cat in The Tale of Genji (11th century), a Japanese literary classic. The story goes that a boisterous cat inadvertently revealed its mistress to some courtiers, coming to symbolise seductive beauty, female sexuality and the \u2018toying\u2019 of suitors.
\u5c71\u5d0e\u5973\u9f99 \uff08\u6d3b\u8dc3\u4e8e1716-1744\u5e74\uff09
\u7f8e\u4eba\u620f\u732b\u56fe \u7ea61740\u5e74
\u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7eb8\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272
\u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1<\/strong>
\u5973\u9f99\u81ea\u516d\u5c81\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5bf9\u7ed8\u753b\u7684\u70ed\u7231\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u81ea\u5b66\u6210\u624d\u7684\u5973\u753b\u5bb6\uff0c\u5979\u559c\u6b22\u5728\u7ed8\u5236\u7684\u98ce\u6708\u5973\u5b50\u753b\u4e0a\u9898\u5199\u81ea\u5df1\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u8bd7\u6587\u3002\u8fd9\u5e45\u753b\u7684\u7075\u611f\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u300a\u6e90\u6c0f\u7269\u8bed\u300b\uff0811\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\uff0c\u8bf4\u662f\u8fd9\u53ea\u6dd8\u6c14\u7684\u732b\u54aa\u9634\u5dee\u9633\u9519\u5730\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5973\u4e3b\u4eba\u7ed3\u8bc6\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u738b\u516c\u8d35\u80c4\u3002\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u5973\u5b50\u624b\u6267\u70df\u67aa\uff0c\u9017\u5f04\u7740\u8eab\u8fb9\u7684\u732b\u54aa\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ecf\u610f\u95f4\u900f\u9732\u51fa\u5145\u6ee1\u8bf1\u60d1\uff0c\u6b32\u62d2\u8fd8\u8fce\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e4b\u7f8e\u3002

Miyagawa Issh\u014d (1689\u20131780)
Cherry-blossom Party circa 1745
hanging scroll, ink and colour on silk
Private collection<\/strong>
Courtesans and their male companions dance, play music, and drink tea while revelling in the beauty of blooming cherry blossoms. This activity \u2013 known as hanami (flower-viewing party) \u2013 was originally an exclusive ritual for courtiers. But in the Edo period more people began to enjoy hanami, and it was one of the few times courtesans could leave the Yoshiwara. Full of rhythmic lines and punctuated with bright fabrics, this painting is a yagai y\u016brakuzu (scene of outdoor pleasures).
\u5bab\u5ddd\u4e00\u7b11 \uff081689-1780\uff09
\u82b1\u89c1 \u7ea61745\u5e74
\u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272
\u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1<\/strong>
\u98ce\u6708\u5973\u5b50\u548c\u5979\u4eec\u7684\u7537\u5ba2\u5728\u76db\u653e\u7684\u6a31\u82b1\u4e1b\u4e2d\u54c1\u8317\u3001\u804a\u5929\u3001\u594f\u4e50\u3001\u6b4c\u821e\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u539f\u672c\u7279\u5c5e\u4e8e\u98ce\u6708\u5973\u5b50\u7684\u5a31\u4e50\u6d3b\u52a8\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u82b1\u89c1\u201d\uff08\u8d4f\u82b1\u4f1a\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u6c5f\u6237\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u82b1\u89c1\u9010\u6e10\u88ab\u66f4\u591a\u5e02\u6c11\u6240\u9752\u7750\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u98ce\u6708\u5973\u5b50\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u5979\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u77ed\u6682\u8e0f\u51fa\u5409\u539f\u7684\u597d\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u753b\u4e2d\u660e\u5feb\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u548c\u5e26\u7740\u52a8\u611f\u7684\u7ebf\u6761\uff0c\u52fe\u52d2\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u5e45\u91ce\u5916\u6e38\u4e50\u753b\u5377\u3002
Here, a samurai hides his identity underneath a large straw hat. He stands next to a courtesan and her two kamuro (child attendants), who you can identify by their matching kimono. \u5728\u7a7f\u7740\u76f8\u4f3c\u548c\u670d\u7684\u98ce\u6708\u5973\u5b50\u4ee5\u53ca\u5979\u7684\u4f8d\u7ae5\u8eab\u65c1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4f4d\u6b66\u58eb\u7528\u5bbd\u6cbf\u8349\u5e3d\u9690\u853d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3002

Bijin-ga in the Late 18th Century
Demand for ukiyo-e painting continued to grow throughout the 18th century, stimulated by the development of multi-colour woodblock prints of beauties, which were sold in the mass market. New masters specialising in bijin-ga (painted beautites) emerged, such as Katsukawa Shunsh\u014d whose meticulous approach to detail was said to make his paintings \u2018worth a thousand golden pieces\u2019. Utagawa Toyoharu\u2019s painted beauties were acclaimed for their delicate facial expressions, while Kubo Shunman\u2019s poetic approach appealed to a literary clientele. But it was Kitagawa Utamaro who became the acknowledged master of bijin-ga, bringing a psychological dimension to his women through his feeling for gesture and demeanour. 18\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u671f\u7684\u7f8e\u4eba\u753b 18\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u7f8e\u4eba\u753b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u7740\u9002\u5408\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u6728\u523b\u5370\u5237\u672f\u7684\u52a0\u6301\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u76db\u884c\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u4e00\u6279\u540e\u8d77\u7684\u7f8e\u4eba\u753b\u5927\u5bb6\u6d8c\u73b0\u4e86\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u76db\u5ddd\u6625\u7ae0\u6781\u5c3d\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u63cf\u7ed8\u8ba9\u4ed6\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u201c\u4e00\u753b\u62b5\u4e07\u91d1\u201d\u7684\u7f8e\u8a89\u3002\u6b4c\u5ddd\u4e30\u6625\u4ee5\u5176\u753b\u4e2d\u7f8e\u4eba\u5fae\u5999\u4f20\u795e\u7684\u8868\u60c5\u800c\u8457\u79f0\u3002\u7aaa\u4fca\u6ee1\u5bcc\u6709\u8bd7\u610f\u7684\u63cf\u7ed8\u901a\u5e38\u5f97\u5230\u6587\u4eba\u58a8\u5ba2\u7684\u8d5e\u8bb8\u3002\u800c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u4eba\u79f0\u9053\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u559c\u591a\u5ddd\u6b4c\u9ebf\u5584\u7528\u753b\u4e2d\u5973\u5b50\u7684\u4e00\u7b11\u4e00\u98a6\u6765\u53cd\u6620\u590d\u6742\u800c\u5fae\u5999\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u4e16\u754c\u3002
Utagawa Toyoharu (circa 1735-1814) Beauties Enjoying the Evening Cool circa 1795 (1805?)
hanging scroll, ink and colour
Private collection<\/strong>
Here you see three women standing at the edge of the Sumida River with two pet dogs playing at their feet. Below them visitors travel to the Yoshiwara by choki, a fast, narrow boat. These boats were so closely associated with the Pleasure Quarter that the mere mention or glimpse of them was enough to excite people. We know these women are not courtesans because their obi (sashes) are tied at the back, not the front.
\u559c\u591a\u5ddd\u6b4c\u9ebf \uff08\u7ea61735-1814\uff09
\u665a\u51c9\u56fe \u7ea61805\u5e74
\u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272
\u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1<\/strong>
\u5728\u9685\u7530\u5ddd\u7684\u5cb8\u8fb9\uff0c\u4f2b\u7acb\u7740\u4e09\u4f4d\u5973\u5b50\uff0c\u4e24\u53ea\u5c0f\u72d7\u6b63\u5728\u5979\u4eec\u7684\u811a\u8fb9\u5b09\u620f\u3002\u5728\u8fdc\u65b9\uff0c\u6765\u53bb\u5409\u539f\u7684\u8239\u53ea\u5f80\u6765\u5982\u7ec7\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6c5f\u6237\u5e02\u6c11\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5355\u662f\u770b\u5230\u548c\u98ce\u6708\u573a\u6709\u5173\u7684\u8239\u53ea\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e26\u53bb\u65e0\u9650\u9050\u60f3\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5cb8\u8fb9\u7684\u4e09\u4f4d\u5973\u5b50\u5e76\u975e\u6765\u81ea\u98ce\u6708\u573a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5979\u4eec\u8170\u95f4\u7684\u675f\u5e26\u5e76\u975e\u7cfb\u4e8e\u8170\u524d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7f20\u4e8e\u8170\u540e\u3002
The woman in the centre holds a cage that probably contains a cricket. These were sold at temples and summer fairs and kept for entertainment. They also symbolise the approaching winter, and so rather sadly refer to the constant passing of time and transience of beauty. \u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u5973\u5b50\u624b\u4e2d\u6267\u4e00\u5c0f\u7b3c\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u88c5\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u87cb\u87c0\u3002\u7b3c\u88c5\u87cb\u87c0\u7ecf\u5e38\u5728\u5bfa\u9662\u6216\u590f\u65e5\u5e86\u5178\u4e2d\u51fa\u552e\u3002\u87cb\u87c0\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u53c8\u6709\u51ac\u5b63\u964d\u4e34\u7684\u9690\u55bb\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4ee4\u89c2\u753b\u8005\u6709\u6d41\u5149\u98de\u5ea6\uff0c\u97f6\u534e\u6613\u901d\u7684\u611f\u6168\u3002

Utagawa Toyoharu was renowned for his innovative use of the Western geometric perspective. This helped him to create a real sense of depth in his paintings. Here the clarity and vibrancy of the women\u2019s clothing dissipates as your eyes travel across the water to the minuscule Yoshiwara in the background. \u559c\u591a\u5ddd\u6b4c\u9ebf\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u5927\u91cf\u8fd0\u7528\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u900f\u89c6\u539f\u7406\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4ed6\u753b\u4e2d\u72ec\u6709\u7684\u666f\u6df1\u6709\u7740\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u524d\u666f\u7684\u5973\u5b50\u8863\u886b\u9c9c\u8273\uff0c\u800c\u5904\u4e8e\u8fdc\u65b9\u7684\u5409\u539f\u5219\u7f25\u7f08\u4e8e\u4e00\u7247\u6de1\u6de1\u7684\u96fe\u972d\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002

Kubo Shunman (1757\u20131820)
Beauty with Newly Washed Hair circa 1800
hanging scroll, ink and colour on silk
Private collection<\/strong>
This is a type of sumi-e \u2013 a black ink wash painting. Notice how nimble strokes of black ink are used to create individual strands of the courtesan\u2019s hair and the pine trees and cranes that decorate her uchikake (overcoat). People found images of beauties with loose hair particularly erotic. They showed an intimate moment in a courtesan\u2019s private life \u2013 the one day of the month when she washed the resins and oils from her hair before elaborately restyling it. Here, accents of rich red draw your eyes to the hair and tell us that the woman is a courtesan.
\u7aaa\u4fca\u6ee1 \uff081757-1820\uff09
\u7f8e\u4eba\u6c90\u53d1\u56fe \u7ea61800\u5e74
\u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7ee2\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272
\u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1<\/strong>
\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u5e45\u5199\u610f\u58a8\u7ed8\u3002\u58a8\u7ed8\u662f\u4ee5\u6c34\u58a8\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u7ed8\u753b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u753b\u5bb6\u7528\u719f\u7ec3\u7684\u7b14\u89e6\u52fe\u753b\u51fa\u5973\u5b50\u675f\u675f\u5206\u660e\u7684\u957f\u53d1\u4e0e\u5176\u7f69\u886b\u4e0a\u7684\u677e\u9e64\u56fe\u6848\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u6587\u5316\u5bf9\u6563\u53d1\u5973\u5b50\u6709\u7740\u4e00\u79cd\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u60c5\u8272\u5411\u5f80\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u98ce\u6708\u5973\u5b50\u4e0d\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u2014\u2014\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6708\u5979\u4eec\u90fd\u4f1a\u9009\u53d6\u4e00\u5929\u6765\u6d17\u53bb\u9752\u4e1d\u4e0a\u7684\u6811\u8102\u548c\u53d1\u6cb9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u68b3\u6210\u534e\u4e3d\u7684\u9020\u578b\u3002\u56fe\u4e2d\u8fd0\u7528\u7684\u9c9c\u4eae\u7ea2\u8272\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u5149\u5f15\u5411\u5973\u5b50\u7684\u957f\u53d1\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u9690\u55bb\u4e86\u5973\u5b50\u7684\u98ce\u6708\u8eab\u4efd\u3002

Bijin-ga and the 19th Century
By the early 19th century, many painters were specialising in the production of bijin-ga. Shifts in political mood under different sh\u014dguns affected cultural life: official disapproval of luxury and extravagance propelled a more restrained sensibility. A concept known as \u2018iki\u2019 emerged. In Western terms this translates as \u2018chic\u2019. Iki was embodied in a pert and fetching manner and a refreshing simplicity. It meant subdued colours, with a shift towards browns, greys, blues, greens and blackish reds and purples. Kimono became more delicately patterned. Checks and stripes became the ultimate expression of the iki ideal. 19\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u7f8e\u4eba\u753b \u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u753b\u5bb6\u5f00\u59cb\u4e13\u64c5\u7f8e\u4eba\u753b\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5e55\u5e9c\u5c06\u519b\u7684\u66f4\u66ff\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u73af\u5883\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u5728\u53cd\u5bf9\u5962\u534e\u7684\u5927\u73af\u5883\u6e32\u67d3\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u8bde\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u65b0\u7684\uff0c\u66f4\u8d8b\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u9ad8\u96c5\u7684\u7f8e\u5b66\u98ce\u5c1a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u98ce\u5c1a\u504f\u91cd\u5185\u655b\u7684\u7528\u8272\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u559c\u7231\u68d5\u3001\u7070\u3001\u84dd\u3001\u7eff\u3001\u6697\u7ea2\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u7d2b\u8272\u3002\u548c\u670d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u66f4\u8d8b\u4e8e\u5bf9\u7eb9\u9970\u7684\u7b80\u5316\u3002\u683c\u5b50\u548c\u7ebf\u6761\u6210\u4e3a\u7b80\u6d01\u98ce\u6f6e\u7684\u65b0\u5ba0\u3002
This new mood of restraint is also reflected in depictions of beauties \u2013 their faces are longer and thinner, their clothing and backgrounds are painted with a muted palette. \u8fd9\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u98ce\u6f6e\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u7f8e\u4eba\u753b\u4e0a\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u4e30\u8174\u8f6c\u4e3a\u6e05\u7626\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4f53\u683c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7531\u7e41\u7410\u534e\u4e3d\u8f6c\u4e3a\u6734\u5b9e\u9eef\u6de1\u7684\u8863\u7740\u548c\u80cc\u666f\u3002
Utagawa Toyokuni (1769\u20131925)
Iwai Hanshir\u014d V circa 1810
hanging scroll, ink and colour on paper
Private collection<\/strong>
Iwai Hanshir\u014d V was an onnagata, a male actor who performed female characters in the highly popular form of dance-drama theatre, kabuki. Utagawa Toyokuni paints the actor here as a model of ideal feminine beauty. Swirls of fabric, gathered by a large obi (sash), emphasise Hanshiro\u2019s sinuous form. Toyokuni\u2019s prints and paintings of actors were increasingly popular with a pleasure-seeking art clientele.
\u6b4c\u5ddd\u4e30\u56fd\uff081769-1825\uff09
\u5ca9\u4e95\u534a\u56db\u90ce\u4e94\u4ee3\u76ee \u7ea61810\u5e74
\u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7eb8\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272
\u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1<\/strong>
\u5ca9\u4e95\u534a\u56db\u90ce\u4e94\u4ee3\u76ee\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u6b4c\u821e\u4f0e\u4e2d\u4e00\u4f4d\u58f0\u540d\u5353\u8457\u7684\u7537\u65e6\u3002\u6b4c\u5ddd\u4e30\u56fd\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u5c06\u5973\u88c5\u626e\u76f8\u7684\u5ca9\u4e95\u63cf\u7ed8\u6210\u4e86\u7406\u60f3\u4e2d\u7684\u7f8e\u4eba\u3002\u88ab\u675f\u5e26\u624e\u4f4f\u7684\u6d41\u8f6c\u7684\u8863\u7eb9\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6f14\u5458\u7684\u66fc\u5999\u8eab\u59ff\u3002\u753b\u5bb6\u4ee5\u7537\u65e6\u4e3a\u6a21\u7279\u7684\u7ed8\u753b\u6216\u6728\u523b\uff0c\u65e5\u6e10\u6d41\u884c\u3002

Katsushika Hokusai (1760\u20131849)
Clam Digging circa 1802
hanging scroll, ink and colour on silk
Private collection<\/strong>
Shiohigari, or clam digging, was both a trade and an outdoor leisure activity enjoyed from April to the end of June. Languid and sinuous, a woman wrings out her kimono as her two companions dig for clams. Pools of light-green paint show us the tide\u2019s retreat. Kasuhika Hokusai painted this seaside scene a number of times, transposing the slender type of beauty he perfected into the outdoors. The presence of the child might reassure you that this is a wholesome family scene, but the undeniable focus here is the lithe female body.
\u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b\uff081760-1849\uff09 \u91c7\u868c\u56fe \u7ea61802\u5e74 \u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7ee2\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272 \u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1<\/strong> \u6bcf\u5e74\u56db\u6708\u81f3\u516d\u6708\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5c06\u91c7\u868c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u8425\u751f\u548c\u5a31\u4e50\u3002\u56fe\u4e2d\u4e00\u4f4d\u5973\u5b50\u6b63\u5728\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u548c\u670d\u62e7\u5e72\uff0c\u800c\u65c1\u8fb9\u7684\u4e24\u4f4d\u89d2\u8272\u6b63\u4e50\u6b64\u4e0d\u75b2\u5730\u5728\u6d45\u6ee9\u4e2d\u6316\u6398\u3002\u6ee9\u4e0a\u6d45\u7eff\u7684\u8272\u8c03\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u521a\u521a\u9000\u6f6e\u7684\u65f6\u5206\u3002\u5317\u658b\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u5e45\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c06\u4ed6\u7b14\u4e0b\u4ee5\u7626\u4e3a\u7f8e\u7684\u5973\u5b50\u5e26\u5230\u4e86\u95fa\u623f\u4e4b\u5916\u3002\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u8fd9\u5e45\u753b\u4e2d\u63cf\u7ed8\u7684\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb6\u5ead\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4e0d\u53ef\u5426\u8ba4\u7684\uff0c\u5317\u658b\u521b\u4f5c\u8fd9\u5e45\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u521d\u8877\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u9ad8\u96c5\u4fee\u957f\u7684\u5973\u6027\u8eab\u59ff\u7684\u5d07\u5c1a\u3002

The Decline of the Yoshiwara
By the 1760s the highly cultured courtesans or oiran of the Yoshiwara had priced themselves out of existence. Lower ranks of courtesans gradually took over. They lived in establishments called \u014dmagaki, with bars and lattice display windows where they sat to attract passing trade. The Kansei Reforms rounded up almost 2000 lower-rank courtesans and sent them to the Yoshiwara, destroying the prestige of the oiran profession forever.
\u5409\u539f\u7684\u6ca1\u843d 1760\u5e74\u4ee5\u964d\uff0c\u624d\u8272\u517c\u5907\u7684\u5409\u539f\u82b1\u9b41\u4eec\u8981\u4ef7\u6108\u53d1\u6602\u8d35\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e00\u822c\u7537\u5ba2\u8d1f\u62c5\u4e0d\u8d77\u3002\u5e95\u5c42\u98ce\u6708\u5973\u5b50\u9010\u6e10\u53d6\u4ee3\u82b1\u9b41\u5360\u9886\u4e86\u5e02\u573a\u3002\u5979\u4eec\u5750\u5728\u7528\u6728\u683c\u906e\u6321\u7684\u5c55\u793a\u95f4\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ba9\u8def\u8fc7\u7684\u5ba2\u4eba\u6311\u9009\uff0c\u5f85\u4ef7\u800c\u6cbd\u3002\u5728\u5bbd\u653f\u6539\u9769\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5927\u7ea62000\u4e2a\u6563\u5e03\u5728\u5404\u5904\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u5993\u5973\u88ab\u96c6\u4e2d\u9001\u5f80\u5409\u539f\uff0c\u62c9\u4e0b\u4e86\u4ee5\u9ad8\u7aef\u6602\u8d35\u670d\u52a1\u8457\u79f0\u7684\u5409\u539f\u7684\u8eab\u4ef7\u3002
The Tenp\u014d Reforms of 1841 were a final blow to Edo\u2019s pleasure quarter. The government fiercely policed the public entertainment sector and, for a brief period, banned all illustrated books and ukiyo-e prints depicting actors and courtesans. The tide had turned for the Yoshiwara. The old-world charms of the courtesans were eclipsed by the chic appeal of modern geisha (women entertainers), who eventually usurped them in both glamour and entertainment services.

1841\u5e74\u7684\u5929\u4fdd\u9769\u65b0\u5219\u662f\u538b\u57ae\u9a86\u9a7c\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6839\u7a3b\u8349\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u7528\u519b\u8b66\u5bf9\u6c5f\u6237\u98ce\u6708\u573a\u65e5\u591c\u76d1\u63a7\uff0c\u5e76\u4e00\u5ea6\u7981\u6b62\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u98ce\u6708\u5973\u5b50\u548c\u6f14\u5458\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\u3001\u7ed8\u753b\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\u4e0e\u53d1\u552e\u3002\u5409\u539f\u7ec8\u4e8e\u6ca1\u843d\u4e86\u3002\u5e02\u573a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u98ce\u6708\u5973\u5b50\u7684\u949f\u60c5\u9010\u6e10\u79fb\u5411\u4e86\u65b0\u5174\u7684\u827a\u5993\u884c\u4e1a\uff0c\u827a\u5993\u4e5f\u6700\u7ec8\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u5409\u539f\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6587\u5316\u5a31\u4e50\u754c\u7684\u4e2d\u575a\u529b\u91cf\u3002

Yanagi Bunch\u014d II (18th\u201319th century)
Storefront Scene of Echigoya at Suruga-ch\u014d circa 1815
Framed, ink and colour on silk
Private collection<\/strong>
Shoppers throng the streets of Suruga-ch\u014d (an area in present-day Tokyo) and the shogunate\u2019s castle sits faintly visible in front of the magestic Mount Fuji. At the front of this scene is the Echigoya department store, with its distinctive circle and diamond crest. Echigoya was the Edo period\u2019s largest and most reputable textile store.
\u67f3\u6587\u8c03\u4e8c\u4ee3\u76ee\uff0818\u81f319\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09 \u9a8f\u6cb3\u753a\u8d8a\u540e\u5c4b \u7ea61815\u5e74 \u518c\u9875\uff0c\u7ee2\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272 \u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1<\/strong>
\u9a8f\u6cb3\u753a\u6e38\u4eba\u5982\u7ec7\uff0c\u5e55\u5e9c\u5c06\u519b\u7684\u57ce\u5821\u5728\u80cc\u666f\u4e2d\u7684\u5bcc\u58eb\u5c71\u524d\u82e5\u9690\u82e5\u73b0\u3002\u4ee5\u68f1\u5f62\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u8d8a\u540e\u5c4b\uff0c\u5904\u5728\u753b\u9762\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u6c5f\u6237\u65f6\u4ee3\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u4e5f\u6700\u6709\u540d\u671b\u7684\u5e03\u5339\u552e\u5356\u573a\u3002
Looking closely you can peak through the curtains and sliding doors to the inside of the store where clerks conduct business on tatami (straw mats). \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u95e8\u7f1d\u4e2d\u7aa5\u89c1\u6b63\u5728\u69bb\u69bb\u7c73\u4e0a\u5fd9\u788c\u7684\u552e\u8d27\u5458\u3002
On the right, two samurai with distinctive black hats and swords leave the store, their sword handles poking through the folds of their gowns. \u5728\u753b\u9762\u53f3\u4fa7\uff0c\u4e24\u4f4d\u7740\u9ed1\u5e3d\u7684\u6b66\u58eb\u8d70\u51fa\u5e97\u5916\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6b66\u58eb\u5200\u7684\u5200\u67c4\u51f8\u51fa\u7f69\u886b\u4e4b\u5916\u3002

Utagawa Kunisada (1786\u20131865)
Two Beauties 1835
framed, fan-shaped, ink and colour on paper
Private collection<\/strong>
A courtesan steps out of a covered kago (palanquin) with her yarite (female minder), who is dressed typically in relatively plain clothes. Tea houses and ageya (houses where courtesans worked) sometimes kept their own kago. These were used to deliver a particular courtesan to a client who had especially requested her company. The scene is painted on the arch-shaped leaf of a traditional folding fan (sensu), which were often carried by men in summer. This fan has no fold marks, meaning it was never used to combat the fierce heat of a Japanese summer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b4c\u5ddd\u56fd\u8d1e\uff081786-1865\uff09 \u53cc\u7f8e\u56fe 1835 \u6247\u9762\uff0c\u7eb8\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272 \u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1 \u4e00\u4f4d\u98ce\u6708\u5973\u5b50\u548c\u5979\u7a7f\u7740\u6734\u7d20\u7684\u9063\u624b\u6b63\u4ece\u8f7f\u5b50\u4e2d\u8d70\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u8336\u9986\u548c\u98ce\u6708\u573a\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u7740\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8f7f\u5b50\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u5c06\u98ce\u6708\u5973\u5b50\u9001\u5230\u9080\u8bf7\u5979\u4eec\u7684\u7537\u5ba2\u4f4f\u5904\u3002\u8fd9\u5e45\u753b\u88ab\u63cf\u7ed8\u5728\u6247\u9762\u4e0a\u3002\u6247\u9762\u4e0a\u5e76\u65e0\u6298\u75d5\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u628a\u6247\u5b50\u4ece\u672a\u88ab\u85cf\u5bb6\u7528\u6765\u62b5\u5fa1\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u708e\u708e\u590f\u65e5\u3002

Hokusai: Worlds of Divinity, Legends and Literature
Katsushika Hokusai (1760\u20131849) worked across all types of ukiyo-e. He used over 30 professional names in the course of his career, shifted artistic direction numerous times, and was always open to new influences, including European engravings. His eclecticism extended to drawing on themes from literature, folklore and popular legend. In 1835, Hokusai abandoned designing prints for the popular market to devote himself entirely to painting, freeing himself from the incessant requests of publishers and the public.

\u5317\u658b\uff1a\u795e\u8bdd\u3001\u4f20\u8bf4\u3001\u548c\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u4e16\u754c \u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b\uff081760-1849\uff09\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fc7\u5404\u5f0f\u5404\u6837\u7684\u6d6e\u4e16\u7ed8\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u751f\u6daf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u66fe\u7528\u8fc730\u591a\u79cd\u7b14\u540d\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362\u8fc7\u591a\u6b21\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ece\u4e0d\u6297\u62d2\u65b0\u751f\u4e8b\u7269\u6216\u5916\u6765\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u96d5\u7248\u523b\u5370\u672f\u3002\u4ed6\u4ece\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\u548c\u795e\u8bdd\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u6c72\u53d6\u9898\u6750\uff0c\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e86\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u3002\u57281835\u5e74\uff0c\u5317\u658b\u7ec8\u4e8e\u4ece\u81ea\u5df1\u8d56\u4ee5\u540d\u4e16\u7684\u6728\u523b\u7248\u753b\u4e2d\u8131\u8eab\uff0c\u628a\u51fa\u7248\u5546\u548c\u5e02\u6c11\u5927\u4f17\u7684\u559c\u597d\u629b\u8bf8\u8eab\u540e\uff0c\u4e13\u5fc3\u7814\u7a76\u8d77\u7ed8\u753b\u3002

These paintings offer light-hearted instruction, entertainment and good fortune. They were originally displayed on two six-panel standing screens. The group of five paintings on the right depict Immortals and two of the Seven Gods of Good Fortune (Shichi Fukujin). Images like these were usually made to bring good fortune and longevity, but Katsushika Hokusai\u2019s paintings are playful parodies and were probably intended to entertain. \u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f5c\u54c1\u662f\u5177\u6709\u5a31\u4e50\u548c\u7948\u798f\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u8f7b\u5feb\u521b\u4f5c\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u539f\u672c\u88ab\u5c55\u793a\u5728\u4e24\u6247\u516d\u6761\u7684\u5c4f\u98ce\u4e0a\u3002\u5728\u53f3\u4fa7\u7684\u4e94\u5e45\u753b\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u4e09\u4f4d\u4ed9\u4eba\uff0c\u52a0\u4e4b\u201c\u4e03\u798f\u795e\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u4f4d\u795e\u7957\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u753b\u6709\u7948\u6c42\u5e78\u8fd0\u957f\u5bff\u4e4b\u7528\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5317\u658b\u5374\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u52a0\u5a31\u4e50\u620f\u8c11\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c06\u65e5\u672c\u4ed9\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u51fa\u6765\u3002

Katsushika Hokusai (1760\u20131849)
Two-legged Radish and Daikoku
from Immortals, Gods of Good Fortune and Ky\u014dgen Actors 1839
set of 11 hanging scrolls (part of a set of 12), ink and colour on silk
Private collection<\/strong>
Daikokuten, the God of Luck and Abundance, carries a gigantic forked radish (daikon). This scene is taken from a tale in which the vegetable saves his life. Paintings of Daikokuten were thought to bring good fortune, but this image is also a cheeky play on the homophone of Daikokuten \u2013 dankon (penis).
\u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b \uff081760-1849\uff09
\u53cc\u8db3\u841d\u535c\u548c\u5927\u9ed1
\u4ed9\u4eba\u3001\u5e78\u8fd0\u4e4b\u795e\u3001\u72c2\u8a00\u6f14\u5458 1839
11\u5e45\u7acb\u8f74\u4e4b\u4e00\uff08\u539f\u4f5c\u670912\u5e45\uff09
\u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7ee2\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272
\u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1<\/strong>
\u8fd9\u5e45\u753b\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2\u662f\u5927\u9ed1\u5929\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u5e78\u8fd0\u548c\u5bcc\u8db3\u4e4b\u795e\u3002\u4ed6\u6367\u7740\u4e00\u6839\u5927\u841d\u535c\uff08\u5927\u6839\uff09\uff0c\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6839\u841d\u535c\u6551\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u547d\u3002\u8fd9\u867d\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u5e45\u7948\u798f\u753b\uff0c\u4f46\u5317\u658b\u5374\u8c03\u76ae\u5730\u628a\u5bf9\u7537\u6027\u9633\u5177\uff08\u5927\u6839\uff09\u7684\u9690\u55bb\u57cb\u85cf\u4e8e\u5176\u4e2d\u3002

Katsushika Hokusai (1760\u20131849)
Sh\u014dj\u014d
from Immortals, Gods of Good Fortune and Ky\u014dgen Actors 1839
set of 11 hanging scrolls (part of a set of 12), ink and colour on silk
Private collection<\/strong>
This Japanese sea spirit \u2013 recognisable by its red hair and skin \u2013 is the Immortal Sh\u014dj\u014d. He was believed to be a protector against illness and he helped cure people with sake, also a mythical potion that offered immortality. In a popular noh play the Immortal gets drunk and dances ecstatically. Here, Hokusai paints the aftermath of such revelry: the disheveled Sh\u014dj\u014d is slumped on the floor, hungover. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b \uff081760-1849\uff09 \u7329\u7329 \u4ed9\u4eba\u3001\u5e78\u8fd0\u4e4b\u795e\u3001\u72c2\u8a00\u6f14\u5458 1839 11\u5e45\u7acb\u8f74\u4e4b\u4e00\uff08\u539f\u4f5c\u670912\u5e45\uff09 \u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7ee2\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272 \u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1<\/strong> \u7329\u7329\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u6c34\u795e\u3002\u4ed6\u4e5f\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u6e05\u9152\uff08\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u8001\u4ed9\u6c34\uff09\u7ed9\u4eba\u6cbb\u75c5\u7684\u836f\u5e08\u3002\u5728\u80fd\u5267\u4e2d\uff0c\u7329\u7329\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u523b\u753b\u4e3a\u9152\u9189\u540e\u624b\u821e\u8db3\u8e48\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u5317\u658b\u63cf\u7ed8\u7684\u5219\u662f\u821e\u8e48\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u666f\u8c61\uff1a\u7329\u7329\u762b\u8f6f\u5728\u5730\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u75c5\u9152\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002

The group of paintings on the left depict stories from ky\u014dgen. These were short comedic interludes performed during longer noh plays. Katsushika Hokusai\u2019s selection of ky\u014dgen tell light-good-humored stories to entertain the viewer. All the characters are dressed in the lightly patterned costumes of kyogen theatre.
\u5de6\u4fa7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u753b\u4f5c\u63cf\u7ed8\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u72c2\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u72c2\u8a00\u662f\u5728\u957f\u7bc7\u80fd\u5267\u4e2d\u95f4\u7a7f\u63d2\u7684\u77ed\u7bc7\u559c\u5267\u3002\u5317\u658b\u9009\u53d6\u7684\u72c2\u8a00\u6545\u4e8b\u7686\u662f\u8f7b\u5feb\u620f\u8c11\u4e4b\u4f5c\uff0c\u753b\u4e2d\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u90fd\u7a7f\u7740\u8f7b\u7740\u70b9\u7f00\u7684\u72c2\u8a00\u6f14\u5458\u670d\u88c5\u3002

Katsushika Hokusai (1760\u20131849)
The Fox Hunter [Tsurigitsune]
from Immortals, Gods of Good Fortune and Ky\u014dgen Actors 1839
set of 11 hanging scrolls (part of a set of 12), ink and colour on silk
Private collection<\/strong>
A popular kyogen play, Tsurigitsune tells the story of a fox who disguises himself as a priest to lecture a hunter about the evils of hunting. The hunter is almost convinced, but is then alerted to the priest\u2019s real identity when he hears the cry of a fox. The fox is eventually captured. Hokusai, however, focuses on the moment that the hunter is fooled: here you see him bowing in respect to the priest\/fox.
\u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b \u730e\u72d0\u8005 \u4ed9\u4eba\u3001\u5e78\u8fd0\u4e4b\u795e\u3001\u72c2\u8a00\u6f14\u5458 1839 11\u5e45\u7acb\u8f74\u4e4b\u4e00\uff08\u539f\u4f5c\u670912\u5e45\uff09 \u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7ee2\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272 \u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u72c2\u8a00\u5267\u76ee\uff0c\u730e\u72d0\u8005\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u53ea\u626e\u6210\u9ad8\u50e7\u7684\u72d0\u72f8\u529d\u8beb\u730e\u4eba\u52ff\u72af\u6740\u751f\u4e4b\u7f6a\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u730e\u4eba\u5dee\u4e00\u70b9\u5c31\u88ab\u72d0\u72f8\u8499\u853d\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u72d0\u72f8\u7684\u53eb\u58f0\u9732\u51fa\u4e86\u9a6c\u811a\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u88ab\u730e\u4eba\u6349\u4f4f\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u5317\u658b\u7684\u753b\u91cc\uff0c\u4ed6\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u72d0\u72f8\u8499\u853d\u730e\u4eba\u7684\u5239\u90a3\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u730e\u4eba\u606d\u656c\u5730\u4e0b\u8dea\uff0c\u5411\u72d0\u72f8\u88c5\u626e\u6210\u7684\u50e7\u4eba\u884c\u793c\u3002

Katsushika Hokusai (1760\u20131849)
Dragon and Clouds 1845
hanging scroll, ink and colour on silk
Private collection<\/strong>
Towards the end of his life Katsushika Hokusai repeatedly painted the powerful, auspicious dragon figure. In Chinese and Japanese lore the dragon is worshipped as a water god that controls the changes of season. Enigmatic and dynamic, this painting shows Hokusai\u2019s masterful use of sumi (ink) and unpainted paper. He shows us movement and light as the dragon\u2019s scales, claws and muzzle unfurl towards us from the amorphous clouds.
\u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b \uff081760-1849\uff09
\u4e91\u9f99\u56fe 1845
\u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7ee2\u672c\u6c34\u58a8
\u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1<\/strong>
\u5f3a\u58ee\u800c\u5a01\u4e25\u7684\u7fd4\u9f99\u662f\u5317\u658b\u665a\u5e74\u7279\u522b\u559c\u7231\u7684\u9898\u6750\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u4f20\u8bf4\u91cc\uff0c\u9f99\u662f\u638c\u7ba1\u5b63\u8282\u53d8\u8fc1\u7684\u6c34\u795e\u3002\u5317\u658b\u7528\u5176\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u6c34\u58a8\u6280\u6cd5\u5728\u751f\u5ba3\u7eb8\u4e0a\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u8fd9\u6761\u541e\u4e91\u5410\u96fe\uff0c\u795e\u79d8\u83ab\u6d4b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u5f20\u7259\u821e\u722a\uff0c\u9cde\u7532\u6bd5\u73b0\u7684\u5de8\u9f99\u3002

Hokusai: Symbols from the Natural World
Katsushika Hokusai excelled in his portrayal of plants and animals. He published instructive manuals for the practice of drawing \u2013 his famous Manga, meaning \u2018curious\u2019 or \u2018whimsical drawings\u2019. After leaving behind commercial demands Hokusai spent the rest of his life focusing on painting real and imagined animals: dragons, tigers, Chinese lions, fish, eagles and foxes.
\u5317\u658b\uff1a\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u9690\u55bb
\u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b\u662f\u63cf\u7ed8\u52a8\u690d\u7269\u7684\u5927\u5bb6\u3002\u4ed6\u66fe\u51fa\u7248\u8fc7\u4e00\u672c\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4ed6\u7ed8\u753b\u5fc3\u5f97\u7684\u8bb2\u4e49\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u300a\u5317\u658b\u6f2b\u753b\u300b\u3002\u201c\u6f2b\u753b\u201d\u5728\u5317\u658b\u7684\u672c\u610f\u91cc\u5177\u6709\u6f2b\u4e0d\u7ecf\u5fc3\uff0c\u968f\u610f\u6d82\u62b9\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3002\u5728\u5c06\u5546\u4e1a\u4e0a\u7684\u6210\u529f\u629b\u8bf8\u8111\u540e\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c
\u5317\u658b\u5f00\u59cb\u4e13\u5fc3\u81f4\u5fd7\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5173\u4e8e\u771f\u5b9e\u548c\u795e\u8bdd\u4e2d\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u7b14\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bde\u751f\u4e86\u6829\u6829\u5982\u751f\u7684\u82cd\u9f99\u3001\u731b\u864e\u3001\u72ee\u5b50\u3001\u9ca4\u9c7c\u3001\u9e70\u96bc\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u72d0\u72f8\u3002

Keisai Eisen (1790\u20131848)
Gateway to Success circa 1825
hanging scroll, ink and colour on paper
Tekisuiken Cultural Foundation<\/strong>
A carp leaps upwards, defying gravity and a deluge of water. It\u2019s travelling to reach the treacherous Dragon\u2019s Gate waterfall, where it will transform into a powerful dragon. Keisai Eisen\u2019s energetic painting shows us the magnitude of the carp\u2019s quest: the dynamic curve of the fish\u2019s tail contrasts with the bold sweeps of diagonal blue and white lines, leading your eyes in a continuous upwards and downwards movement. Symbolising prosperity, perseverance and courage, even today carp paintings are given as tokens of good luck or to mark significant achievements.
\u6eaa\u658b\u82f1\u6cc9\uff081790-1848\uff09
\u65e5\u672c
\u9ca4\u9c7c\u8df3\u9f99\u95e8 \u7ea61825\u5e74
\u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7eb8\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272
\u6458\u6c34\u8f69\u7eaa\u5ff5\u6587\u5316\u632f\u5174\u8d22\u56e2\u85cf<\/strong>
\u4e00\u5c3e\u9ca4\u9c7c\u817e\u7a7a\u800c\u8d77\uff0c\u5168\u7136\u4e0d\u987e\u5730\u5fc3\u5f15\u529b\u548c\u4e0b\u6ce8\u7684\u6c34\u6cfd\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8df3\u8fc7\u9ad8\u4e0d\u53ef\u6500\u7684\u201c\u9f99\u95e8\u201d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5e7b\u5316\u4e3a\u9f99\u3002\u9c7c\u5c3e\u7684\u626d\u66f2\uff0c\u7528\u7c97\u65f7\u7684\u7b14\u89e6\u52fe\u52d2\u7684\u503e\u659c\u6c34\u7eb9\uff0c\u65e0\u4e0d\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u773c\u775b\u968f\u7740\u9ca4\u9c7c\u60f3\u8981\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u201d\u800c\u9020\u6210\u7684\u52a8\u52bf\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6e38\u79fb\u3002\u9ca4\u9c7c\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u662f\u5bcc\u8db3\u548c\u4fe1\u5fc3\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u3002\u4ece\u53e4\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u5e38\u6709\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u76f8\u4e92\u8d60\u9001\u9ca4\u9c7c\u56fe\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e78\u8fd0\u7b26\u3002

Katsushika Hokusai (1760\u20131849)
Eagle in the Snow 1843
hanging scroll, ink and colour on paper
Tekisuiken Cultural Foundation<\/strong>
Katsushika Hokusai painted animals with realism and gravitas. Here, the bird\u2019s neck, breast and legs have been textured with ink smudged from the middle of the brush, while the hairs on its beak and tail are finely painted. Often a symbol of poetic genius, the eagle\u2019s satisfied and knowing smile perhaps indicates that Hokusai felt he too had surmounted \u2018peaks\u2019 of artistic greatness.
\u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b \uff081760-1849\uff09
\u96ea\u9e70\u56fe 1843
\u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7eb8\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272
\u6458\u6c34\u8f69\u7eaa\u5ff5\u6587\u5316\u632f\u5174\u8d22\u56e2\u85cf<\/strong>
\u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b\u63cf\u7ed8\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u5e38\u4ee5\u5199\u5b9e\u548c\u5e84\u4e25\u8457\u79f0\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u5e45\u753b\u4e2d\uff0c\u96c4\u9e70\u7684\u80f8\u9888\u4ee5\u53ca\u817f\u90e8\u88ab\u4ee5\u67af\u7b14\u6d82\u626b\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u5599\u90e8\u4e0e\u5c3e\u90e8\u7684\u6bdb\u53d1\u5219\u4ee5\u7ec6\u7b14\u7cbe\u5fc3\u52fe\u52d2\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u96c4\u9e70\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u667a\u6167\u3002\u96c4\u9e70\u9762\u90e8\u82e5\u6709\u82e5\u65e0\u7684\u81ea\u4fe1\u5fae\u7b11\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53cd\u5c04\u4e86\u753b\u5bb6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u827a\u672f\u5929\u624d\u5982\u96c4\u9e70\u4fef\u89c6\u4e07\u7269\u822c\u7684\u81ea\u4fe1\u3002

Katsushika Hokusai (1760\u20131849)
Moon and Rabbit 1857
Hanging scroll, ink and colour on paper
Private collection<\/strong>
Featuring in folklore throughout East Asia, the moon rabbit is inspired by markings on the moon which resemble a rabbit standing over a mortar and pestle. In Japanese folklore the rabbit pounds ingredients for mochi (rice cakes). These are eaten in Tsukimi, the Japanese festival honouring the autumn moon. In this image, observation and imagination, the earthly and the supernatural are merged. Silhouetted against the moon, the rabbit\u2019s ears, face and fur are carefully outlined while loosely painted clouds swirl around the orb and envelope the creature in a mysterious, shifting night\u2019s sky.
\u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b (1760\u20131849) \u7389\u5154 1857 \u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7eb8\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272 \u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1<\/strong> \u5728\u4e2d\u3001\u65e5\u4f20\u8bf4\u91cc\uff0c\u6708\u7403\u7684\u9634\u5f71\u662f\u4e00\u53ea\u7ad9\u5728\u77f3\u81fc\u524d\u7684\u7389\u5154\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u72ec\u6709\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4e2d\uff0c\u7389\u5154\u5728\u77f3\u81fc\u91cc\u6363\u78e8\u7684\u662f\u5236\u4f5c\u9ebb\u7cec\u7684\u539f\u6599\u3002\u9ebb\u7cec\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5728\u6708\u89c1\u8282\uff08\u4e2d\u79cb\u8282\uff09\u6240\u5403\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u98df\u7269\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u5e45\u6df7\u5408\u4e86\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e0e\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\uff0c\u7389\u5154\u7684\u9762\u90e8\u3001\u8033\u6735\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bdb\u53d1\u90fd\u88ab\u5de8\u7ec6\u9761\u9057\u5730\u63cf\u6479\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e00\u8f6e\u6ee1\u6708\u5468\u56f4\u6c24\u6c32\u7684\u7965\u4e91\uff0c\u5219\u88ab\u76f8\u5bf9\u5199\u610f\u5730\u6d82\u62b9\uff0c\u5c06\u7389\u5154\u56f4\u7ed5\u5728\u795e\u79d8\u800c\u591a\u53d8\u7684\u591c\u8272\u4e2d\u3002
Nature and Landscape
After the Tenp\u014d Reforms of 1842, which were aimed at limiting the excesses of city life, a new kind of landscape painting emerged \u2013 the depiction of meisho (famous places). These images of much-loved locations included bridges, ferries, gardens, restaurants and inns, temples and sanctuaries in Edo, Kyoto and other more distant provinces. They also featured vistas along the main roads connecting the country, mountains and waterfalls.
\u5c71\u6c34\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136 \u5728\u63d0\u5021\u6452\u5f03\u5962\u534e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5929\u4fdd\u9769\u65b0\uff081842\u5e74\uff09\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u5174\u7684\u5c71\u6c34\u753b\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bde\u751f\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u540d\u80dc\u753b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u540d\u80dc\u753b\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u661f\u843d\u5728\u6c5f\u6237\u3001\u4eac\u90fd\u4ee5\u53ca\u66f4\u52a0\u8fb9\u8fdc\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6865\u6881\u3001\u6e21\u53e3\u3001\u5ead\u56ed\u3001\u9152\u8086\u3001\u65c5\u820d\u3001\u5bfa\u5e99\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u795e\u793e\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u540d\u80dc\u753b\u4e5f\u5584\u4e8e\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fde\u7ed3\u5e02\u9547\u5c71\u5ddd\u4e4b\u8981\u9053\u5468\u906d\u7684\u666f\u8272\u3002
The sacred Mount Fuji dominated as a subject. And the two greatest landscape artists of the 19th century \u2013 Katsushika Hokusai and his younger rival Utagawa Hiroshige \u2013 painted the mountain many times. While Hokusai\u2019s scenes vibrate with lively, penetrating and energetic brushstrokes, Hiroshige\u2019s light, almost transparent brushwork conveys the calm of the Shinto faith and the reverence for nature underlying Japanese thought and feeling.

\u795e\u5723\u7684\u5bcc\u58eb\u5c71\u662f\u540d\u80dc\u753b\u5bb6\u6700\u949f\u7231\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6c5f\u6237\u65f6\u671f\u4e24\u4f4d\u6700\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u5c71\u6c34\u753b\u5bb6\uff1a\u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bd4\u4ed6\u66f4\u4e3a\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u8005\u6b4c\u5ddd\u5e7f\u91cd\uff0c\u753b\u8fc7\u4e3a\u6570\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u5bcc\u5cb3\u98ce\u7269\u3002\u548c\u5317\u658b\u96c4\u5f3a\u521a\u731b\u3001\u5145\u6ee1\u6d3b\u529b\u7684\u5927\u7b14\u6325\u6d12\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5e7f\u91cd\u504f\u5411\u4e8e\u8fd0\u7528\u6e05\u6de1\u6d45\u7ec6\u7684\u7b14\u89e6\u6765\u8868\u8fbe\u795e\u9053\u6559\u9759\u8c27\u5e73\u548c\u3001\u4ee5\u81ea\u7136\u4e3a\u672c\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\u3002

Katsushika Hokusai (1760\u20131849)
Mt Fuji through Pines 1847
hanging scroll, ink and colour on silk
Private collection<\/strong>
A national symbol of Japan and the sacred mountain of the Shinto deities, Mount Fuji was the most famous and popular view to depict out of all the meisho (famous places). Painted two years before Katsushika Hokusai\u2019s death, this scene provides a view of Mount Fuji \u2018from a corner\u2019 \u2013 seen through the weathered branches of an old pine. This is an ancient Chinese technique that makes you to feel as if you are inside the painting, not a distant viewer of the landscape but at one with it.
\u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b \uff081760-1849\uff09
\u677e\u6797\u5916\u7684\u5bcc\u5cb3 1847\u5e74
\u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7ee2\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272
\u79c1\u4eba\u6536\u85cf<\/strong>
\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u8c61\u5f81\u4ee5\u53ca\u795e\u9053\u6559\u7684\u5723\u5c71\uff0c\u5bcc\u58eb\u5c71\u662f\u540d\u80dc\u753b\u4e2d\u6700\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u9898\u6750\u3002\u5317\u658b\u4e8e\u901d\u4e16\u7684\u524d\u4e24\u5e74\u521b\u4f5c\u4e86\u8fd9\u5e45\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u8fd9\u5e45\u753b\u7684\u53d6\u666f\u975e\u5e38\u72ec\u7279\uff0c\u4ece\u67af\u69c1\u7684\u677e\u679d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7aa5\u89c6\u5bcc\u58eb\u5c71\u7684\u4e00\u89d2\u4e4b\u59ff\u3002\u5317\u658b\u5f97\u7075\u611f\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ed8\u753b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8eab\u4e34\u5176\u5883\u7684\u63d0\u5021\uff0c\u8ba9\u89c2\u753b\u8005\u611f\u89c9\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u662f\u7f6e\u8eab\u753b\u5916\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8eab\u5728\u753b\u4e2d\u3002

Utagawa Hiroshige (1797\u20131858)
Enoshima circa 1855
hanging scroll, ink and colour on silk
Libera Corporation<\/strong>
The small island of Enoshima is the place of worship for the goddess Benzaiten, one of the seven Gods of Fortune associated with rain and protection from sickness. The cave where she is thought to have lived became a popular destination for pilgrims in the Edo period. Reachable on foot during low tide, the island was of the most important meisho or significant sites in Japan for a day trip out of the city. Here, minuscule figures can be seen standing at the edge of the retreating shoreline overlooking the island, and you can faintly make out the entrance to a shrine in the centre. \u6b4c\u5ddd\u5e7f\u91cd\uff081797-1858\uff09 \u6c5f\u4e4b\u5c9b 1855 \u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7ee2\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272 \u65e5\u672c\u81ea\u7531\u4f1a\u793e\u85cf\u54c1 \u6c5f\u4e4b\u5c9b\u662f\u4f9b\u5949\u65e5\u672c\u201c\u4e03\u798f\u795e\u201d\u4e4b\u4e00\u2014\u2014\u8fa9\u624d\u5929\u7684\u573a\u6240\u3002\u8fa9\u624d\u5929\u662f\u638c\u7ba1\u98ce\u96e8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u963b\u904f\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u795e\u7957\u3002\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u8fa9\u624d\u5929\u66fe\u7ecf\u5c45\u4f4f\u8fc7\u7684\u5c9b\u4e0a\u6d1e\u7a74\uff0c\u5728\u6c5f\u6237\u65f6\u671f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u7684\u671d\u5723\u5904\u3002\u6c5f\u4e4b\u5c9b\u6da8\u6f6e\u65f6\u6ca1\u4e8e\u5883\u5ddd\u7684\u6c34\u4e2d\uff0c\u9000\u6f6e\u65f6\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f92\u6b65\u4e0a\u5c9b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6b64\u5904\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u6c5f\u6237\u5c45\u6c11\u4e00\u65e5\u6e38\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u80dc\u5730\u3002\u5728\u753b\u91cc\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7ec6\u5c0f\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u4f2b\u7acb\u4e8e\u6da8\u6f6e\u7684\u6c5f\u5cb8\u8fb9\uff0c\u9065\u671b\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u6c5f\u4e4b\u5c9b\u3002\u5904\u5728\u5c9b\u5c7f\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u795e\u793e\u5165\u53e3\u9690\u7ea6\u53ef\u89c1\u3002

Utagawa Hiroshige: Painting Place
Born in Edo to a samurai family, (And\u014d) Utagawa Hiroshige produced prints of beauties and other ukiyo-e subjects. In about 1832 he travelled from Edo as part of envoy sent by the sh\u014dgun to the Imperial court in Kyoto, along the T\u014dkaid\u014d Road. He published his sketches of the trip as the Fifty-three Stations of the T\u014dkaid\u014d in 1833\u201334. The extraordinary success of this led to further travel and publishing projects over the next 20 years, including One Hundred Famous Views of Edo, produced in 1856 \u2013 the year in which he \u2018retired from the world\u2019 and became a Buddhist monk.

\u6b4c\u5ddd\u5e7f\u91cd\uff1a\u884c\u65c5\u753b\u5bb6 \u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u6c5f\u6237\u6b66\u58eb\u5bb6\u65cf\u7684\u6b4c\u5ddd\u5e7f\u91cd\uff0c\u672c\u59d3\u5b89\u85e4\uff0c\u5e74\u8f7b\u65f6\u521b\u4f5c\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4ee5\u6c5f\u6237\u7f8e\u4eba\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u6728\u523b\u7248\u753b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u6d6e\u4e16\u7ed8\u3002\u57281832\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e55\u5e9c\u5c06\u519b\u4f7f\u56e2\u7684\u4e00\u5458\uff0c\u81ea\u6c5f\u6237\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6cbf\u7740\u4e1c\u6d77\u9053\u884c\u81f3\u5929\u7687\u7684\u5c45\u6240\u4eac\u90fd\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6b21\u65c5\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5e7f\u91cd\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u300a\u4e1c\u6d77\u9053\u4e94\u5341\u4e09\u6b21\u300b\uff0c\u7528\u7ed8\u753b\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u65c5\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u90e8\u4f5c\u54c1\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6210\u529f\u3002\u5e7f\u91cd\u5728\u5176\u540e\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u95f4\u7ee7\u7eed\u65c5\u884c\u3001\u7ed8\u753b\u3001\u51fa\u7248\u65b0\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ed6\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u884c\u65c5\u4f5c\u54c1\u662f\u4e8e1856\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u300a\u540d\u6240\u6c5f\u6237\u767e\u666f\u300b\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u4ed6\u5c31\u629b\u5f03\u7ea2\u5c18\uff0c\u7688\u4f9d\u4f5b\u95e8\u3002
Utagawa Hiroshige (1797\u20131858)
Great Waves of S\u014dsh\u016b Shichiriga-hama
circa 1847
hanging scroll, ink and colour on silk
Private collection
Waves surge across the bay at Shichiriga-hama, framing the island of Enoshima and Mount Fuji in the background. Shichiriga-hama beach was known for its large, dangerous waves. These waves inspired many ukiyo-e artists and are the subject of Katsushika Hokusai\u2019s now iconic print, The Great Wave off Kanagawa. In this scene sweeps of grey paint lead your eye up and down the cascading waves, and a spray of violet sea foam is formed by jagged strokes of grey and white paint.
\u4e8c\u4ee3\u76ee\u6b4c\u5ddd\u5e7f\u91cd\uff081826-1869\uff09 \u76f8\u5dde\u4e03\u91cc\u6ee8\u4e4b\u6ce2\u6d9b \u7ea61847\u5e74 \u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7ee2\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272 \u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1 \u5728\u753b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e03\u91cc\u6ee8\u7ffb\u5377\u7684\u6d6a\u6f6e\u5c06\u8fdc\u5904\u7684\u6c5f\u4e4b\u5c9b\u548c\u5bcc\u58eb\u5c71\u73af\u7ed5\u3002\u6b64\u5730\u6c79\u6d8c\u6f8e\u6e43\u7684\u5de8\u6d6a\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u662f\u6d6e\u4e16\u7ed8\u753b\u5bb6\u4eec\u9752\u7750\u7684\u9898\u6750\uff0c\u5b83\u9020\u5c31\u4e86\u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u300a\u795e\u5948\u5ddd\u51b2\u6d6a\u91cc\u300b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u5e45\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u76ee\u5e7f\u91cd\u7528\u6de1\u58a8\u5feb\u7b14\u6325\u6d12\u51fa\u7684\u6d77\u6d6a\uff0c\u8ba9\u89c2\u8005\u7684\u773c\u775b\u968f\u52bf\u4e0a\u4e0b\u8d77\u4f0f\uff0c\u800c\u51f6\u731b\u6fc0\u8361\u7684\u6d6a\u82b1\u5219\u662f\u7528\u952f\u9f7f\u822c\u7684\u521a\u786c\u7b14\u89e6\u8868\u8fbe\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
  • \"\"<\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n

    Tabaimo (born 1975) Japan
    The Obscuring Moon 2016
    single-channel video installation with audio and custom pedestal 10:36 min
    courtesy of James Cohan, New York and Gallery Koyanagi, Japan
    Latticed partitions from Utagawa Hiroshige\u2019s Moon-viewing Point, 1857 ominously slide open and shut, releasing mysterious beasts into the moonlit environment. The Obscuring Moon, 2016 was inspired by the Japanese collections at the Seattle Art Museum. Utilising the ancient concept of utsushi (paying homage to past masters through emulation) Tabaimo transposes Hiroshige\u2019s Moon-viewing Point into an animated video format. Thought to depict one of the many brothels or inns in the settlement of Shinagawa, Hiroshige\u2019s print is unsettling in what it leaves absent or unsaid.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

    \n


    \u675f\u828b \uff081975\u5e74\u751f\uff09\u65e5\u672c \u9690\u6708 2016 \u591a\u5a92\u4f53\uff0c\u4eba\u9020\u821e\u53f0\uff0c\u7247\u957f10\u520636\u79d2 \u7ebd\u7ea6 James Cohan\u753b\u5eca\u53ca\u65e5\u672c\u5c0f\u67f3\u753b\u5eca\u5171\u540c\u62e5\u6709 \u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b\u89c2\u6708\u5904\uff081857\uff09\u753b\u4f5c\u4e2d\u63cf\u7ed8\u7684\u683c\u5b50\u7eb8\u95e8\u65f6\u5f00\u65f6\u5408\uff0c\u5c06\u795e\u79d8\u7684\u5f02\u517d\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u6708\u5149\u8367\u8367\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u9690\u6708 2016 \u4ece\u7f8e\u56fd\u897f\u96c5\u56fe\u7f8e\u672f\u9986\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u85cf\u54c1\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u7075\u611f\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u201c\u7b14\u610f\u201d\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u81f4\u656c\uff08\u201c\u7b14\u610f\u201d\u5373\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6a21\u62df\u5f80\u6614\u5927\u5bb6\u7684\u610f\u5883\uff09\uff0c\u675f\u828b\u7528\u52a8\u753b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c06\u5317\u658b\u7684\u540d\u4f5c\u6f14\u7ece\u4e86\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u5728\u63cf\u7ed8\u67d0\u95f4\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6c5f\u6237\u54c1\u5ddd\u7684\u98ce\u6708\u573a\u6216\u5ba2\u6808\u7684\u8868\u8c61\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u9690\u85cf\u7740\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7559\u767d\u4e0e\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\u611f\u3002
    An empty straw mat (tatami) dominates the centre of the composition, while the room\u2019s occupants, a geisha on the right and a courtesan on the left, are half-hidden from view. The Obscuring Moon re-imagines and expands upon the mysterious ambiguity suggested in the etched lines of the woodblock print and hint at a darker, more sinister narrative. \u4f4d\u4e8e\u5360\u636e\u753b\u9762\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u69bb\u69bb\u7c73\u5de6\u53f3\u4e24\u4fa7\u7684\u98ce\u6708\u5973\u5b50\u548c\u827a\u5993\uff0c\u72b9\u62b1\u7435\u7436\u534a\u906e\u9762\uff0c\u8ba9\u4eba\u4e0d\u89c1\u5168\u8c8c\u3002\u8fd9\u5e45\u7531\u6728\u523b\u7248\u753b\u884d\u751f\u800c\u6765\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5728\u539f\u4f5c\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u4e0e\u9690\u6666\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u66f4\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u6697\u9ed1\u548c\u5996\u5f02\u7684\u6c1b\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

    \n
    \n
    \n
    \n
    • \"\"<\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      teamLab (formed 2001)
      Four Seasons, a 1000 Years, Terraced Rice Fields \u2013 Tashibunosho 2016
      six-channel digital video
      courtesy teamLab and Martin Browne
      Workers sow rice crops, people celebrate the harvest, a crane soars through the sky, and day turns to night. Focusing on Kyushu Island\u2019s famed rice fields of Tashibunosho \u2013 unchanged for over 1200 years \u2013 this digital artwork explores the links between people and nature, seasonal change and the passing of time. teamLab (2001\u5e74\u7ec4\u5efa\uff09 \u56db\u5b63\u3001\u5343\u5e74\u3001\u68af\u7530 – \u7530\u67d3\u5e84 2016 \u516d\u5c4f\u5e55\u591a\u5a92\u4f53 teamLab\u548cMartin Browne \u85cf\u54c1<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

      \n


      \u519c\u6c11\u6b63\u5728\u6492\u79cd\uff0c\u7fa4\u4f17\u6b63\u5728\u6b22\u5e86\u4e30\u6536\uff0c\u6674\u7a7a\u4e00\u9e64\u6392\u4e91\u800c\u4e0a\uff0c\u8f6c\u773c\u65e5\u5149\u5e7b\u5316\u4e3a\u591c\u8272\u3002\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4f5c\u54c1\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\u4e5d\u5dde\u8457\u540d\u7684\u68af\u7530\u2014\u2014\u7530\u67d3\u5e841200\u5e74\u95f4\u672a\u53d8\u4e4b\u98ce\u60c5\uff0c\u5c06\u4eba\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u548c\u8c10\uff0c\u5b63\u8282\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u65f6\u5149\u7684\u6d41\u901d\u5a13\u5a13\u9053\u6765\u3002
      Synchronised with real-life seasons, weather and time in Tashibunosho, the artwork immerses you within its landscape, connecting you to distant geographic environments through a shared moment in time. In constant evolution, each moment in this artwork is unique and rendered in shifting abstract colours and shapes, so that the layered history of Tashibunosho unfolds for you in an ever-changing present. \u548c\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u7530\u67d3\u5e84\u7684\u5b63\u8282\u3001\u5929\u6c14\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u76f8\u547c\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e45\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c06\u89c2\u8005\u5e26\u5165\u4e86\u5c71\u6c34\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e07\u91cc\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u4eba\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u5929\u6daf\u5171\u6b64\u65f6\u3002\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u8272\u8c03\u4e0e\u98ce\u60c5\u65f6\u65f6\u53d8\u6362\uff0c\u8ba9\u4eba\u5728\u591a\u53d8\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e2d\u62e8\u5f00\u7530\u67d3\u5e84\u7684\u5c42\u5c42\u5386\u53f2\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

      FAMILY LABELS
      Come on a journey through Enchanted Worlds: Hokusai, Hiroshige and Art from Edo Period Japan.
      Find out about the magic worlds and stories of animals, landscapes, myths and legends, and talk about your ideas together.
      All these artworks were made during in Edo period of Japan \u2013 that\u2019s between 400 and 150 years ago! They are painted on scrolls \u2013 long, narrow pieces of paper or fabric that could be rolled up and tied with a ribbon or unfolded to be hung on the wall.
      Ask whoever is at home with you to help and to join in the fun!
      \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u6f2b\u6e38\u6d6e\u4e16\u7ed8\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff1a\u5317\u658b\u3001\u5e7f\u91cd\u548c\u65e5\u672c\u6c5f\u6237\u827a\u672f\u5c55\u5427\u3002
      \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a2\u7d22\u5947\u5999\u5e7b\u5883\uff0c\u8046\u542c\u6709\u5173\u5c71\u6c34\u9e1f\u517d\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u795e\u8bdd\u548c\u4f20\u8bf4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5206\u4eab\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u3002
      \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4f5c\u54c1\u90fd\u8bde\u751f\u4e8e\u65e5\u672c\u6c5f\u6237\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u8ddd\u4eca\u6709150\u5e74\u5230400\u5e74\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u753b\u5728\u7528\u7eb8\u6216\u7ee2\u5236\u6210\u7684\u957f\u800c\u7a84\u7684\u5377\u8f74\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5377\u8f74\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5377\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u4e1d\u7ebf\u7ed1\u4f4f\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\uff1b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6253\u5f00\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6302\u5728\u5899\u4e0a\u5c55\u793a\u3002
      \u5e26\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u7545\u6e38\u5728\u7075\u611f\u7684\u6d77\u6d0b\u91cc\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

      \n
      \n

      Katsushika Hokusai (1760\u20131849)
      The Fox Hunter [Tsurigitsune]
      from Immortals, Gods of Good Fortune and Ky\u014dgen Actors 1839
      set of 11 hanging scrolls (part of a set of 12), ink and colour on silk
      Private collection
      This scene is from a story about a fox who pretends to be a priest and tells a hunter why he thinks hunting is wrong. You are looking at the moment when the hunter bows to him. In Japan, bowing is a sign of respect.
      Look at the picture. How does the artist show you that the priest is actually a fox? Have you heard foxes being described as cunning and clever? What is clever about the fox in this story?
      Be inspired by this painting and write your own short story about an animal that changes into something else to fool someone. You can illustrate your story too if you like. Is there something you feel strongly about that the animal can talk about?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

      \n

      \u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b \uff081760-1849\uff09 \u730e\u72d0\u8005 \u6b64\u4f5c\u54c1\u662f\u5317\u658b1839\u5e74\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u300a\u4ed9\u4eba\u3001\u5e78\u8fd0\u4e4b\u795e\u3001\u72c2\u8a00\u6f14\u5458\u300b11\u5e45\u7acb\u8f74\u4e4b\u4e00\uff08\u539f\u4f5c\u670912\u5e45\uff09 \u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7ee2\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272 \u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1 \u8fd9\u5e45\u4f5c\u54c1\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u4e00\u53ea\u88c5\u626e\u6210\u50e7\u4fa3\u7684\u72d0\u72f8\u529d\u8beb\u730e\u4eba\u653e\u5f03\u6740\u751f\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u4f5c\u54c1\u6355\u6349\u4e86\u730e\u4eba\u5411\u72d0\u72f8\u8dea\u62dc\u7684\u5239\u90a3\u3002\u5728\u4e1c\u4e9a\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u8dea\u62dc\u662f\u8868\u8fbe\u5c0a\u656c\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u793c\u4eea\u3002 \u4ed4\u7ec6\u89c2\u5bdf\u8fd9\u5e45\u4f5c\u54c1\uff1a\u753b\u5bb6\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u900f\u9732\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62ab\u7740\u8888\u88df\u7684\u50e7\u4fa3\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u53ea\u72d0\u72f8\u7684\uff1f\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u72d0\u72f8\u4ee5\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7cbe\u660e\u72e1\u9ee0\u800c\u51fa\u540d\u5417\uff1f\u5728\u8fd9\u5219\u6545\u4e8b\u91cc\uff0c\u72d0\u72f8\u5982\u4f55\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5b83\u7684\u7cbe\u660e\uff1f \u4ee5\u8fd9\u5219\u5c0f\u6545\u4e8b\u4e3a\u7075\u611f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bf7\u4f60\u521b\u4f5c\u4e00\u7bc7\u52a8\u7269\u7528\u53d8\u8eab\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6559\u80b2\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5c0f\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u4f60\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u753b\u4e00\u5e45\u63d2\u56fe\u3002\u4f60\u6545\u4e8b\u4e2d\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u4f1a\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u63a2\u8ba8\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

      \n
      \n

      Katsushika Hokusai (1760\u20131849)
      Dragon and Clouds 1845
      hanging scroll, ink and colour on silk
      Private collection
      In Japan the powerful dragon is a water god. He can make one season turn into another.
      Look carefully. What do you notice about this painting? Describe how it looks and how it makes you feel to someone who hasn\u2019t seen it before. Pick three words that describe how the dragon looks to you.
      Draw this at home with any materials you can find. This is made with ink. If you don\u2019t have ink you can water down some paint. Or even make your own ink with something in your kitchen \u2013 like marmite, coffee or tea.
      Think about the mood of the painting \u2013 how it makes you feel. How can you make your painting seem happy and the dragon more friendly? What happens if you add in other colours?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

      \n

      \u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b \uff081760-1849\uff09
      \u4e91\u9f99\u56fe 1845\u5e74
      \u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7ee2\u672c\u6c34\u58a8
      \u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1
      \u5728\u65e5\u672c\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u9f99\u662f\u62e5\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u6cd5\u529b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u6362\u5b63\u8282\u7684\u6c34\u795e\u7684\u5316\u8eab\u3002
      \u4ed4\u7ec6\u89c2\u5bdf\u8fd9\u5e45\u753b\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u54ea\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\uff1f\u8bd5\u7740\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u8fc7\u7684\u4eba\u63cf\u8ff0\u753b\u4e2d\u7684\u666f\u8c61\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u5e45\u753b\u7ed9\u4f60\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528\u4e09\u4e2a\u8bcd\u8bed\u6765\u5f62\u5bb9\u8fd9\u6761\u9f99\u7684\u6a21\u6837\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u90a3\u4e09\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5462\uff1f
      \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u8fd9\u5e45\u753b\u4e3a\u8303\u672c\uff0c\u521b\u4f5c\u4e00\u5e45\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9f99\u3002\u867d\u7136\u539f\u4f5c\u662f\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u58a8\u6c41\u753b\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6ca1\u6709\u58a8\u6c41\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6c34\u7a00\u91ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ed1\u8272\u989c\u6599\u6765\u521b\u4f5c\u3002\u4f60\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u53a8\u623f\u91cc\u7684\u6750\u6599\u6765\u5236\u4f5c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u58a8\u6c41\uff0c\u50cf\u662fmarmite, \u5496\u5561\uff0c\u6216\u8336\uff01
      \u611f\u53d7\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u5e45\u4f5c\u54c1\u900f\u9732\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6c14\u52bf\uff0c\u5b83\u8ba9\u4f60\u4ea7\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u611f\u89c9\uff1f\u60f3\u4e00\u60f3\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u8ba9\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7b14\u4e0b\u7684\u9f99\u66f4\u52a0\u53cb\u5584\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8ba9\u6574\u5e45\u753b\u6709\u7740\u8f7b\u677e\u6109\u5feb\u7684\u611f\u89c9\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u9ed1\u8272\u4e4b\u5916\u52a0\u5165\u5176\u4ed6\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u6c14\u6c1b\u9020\u6210\u600e\u6837\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

      \n
      \n

      Keisai Eisen (1790\u20131848)
      Japan
      Gateway to Success circa 1825
      hanging scroll, ink and colour on paper
      This fish is a carp. In Japan carps are a sign of good luck and bravery. People give each other pictures of carp as good luck charms.
      Which animal means good luck to you? Why?
      Japanese scrolls tell stories through pictures, like comics. This carp is trying to reach the top of a huge waterfall to change into a dragon. Make your own comic strip about an animal changing into something else.
      See how the artist shows the carp moving up the waterfall through the twisting of the tail and the curving lines of the water. How can you use line and shape to show movement in your comic?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

      \n

      \u6eaa\u658b\u82f1\u6cc9\uff081790-1848\uff09
      \u65e5\u672c
      \u9ca4\u9c7c\u8df3\u9f99\u95e8 \u7ea61825\u5e74
      \u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7eb8\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272
      \u753b\u91cc\u63cf\u7ed8\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u9ca4\u9c7c\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ca4\u9c7c\u662f\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5e38\u5e38\u5c06\u9ca4\u9c7c\u56fe\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e78\u8fd0\u7b26\u8d60\u9001\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eba\u3002
      \u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u54ea\u79cd\u52a8\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u4f60\u5e26\u6765\u597d\u8fd0\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f
      \u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u559c\u6b22\u901a\u8fc7\u56fe\u753b\u6765\u8bb2\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4ed6\u4eec\u64c5\u957f\u7684\u6f2b\u753b\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u8fd9\u53ea\u9ca4\u9c7c\u60f3\u8981\u9006\u6d41\u800c\u4e0a\uff0c\u5230\u8fbe\u7011\u5e03\u7684\u9876\u7aef\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8df3\u8fc7\u201c\u9f99\u95e8\u201d\uff0c\u53d8\u5316\u4e3a\u9f99\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ed\u7bc7\u6f2b\u753b\uff0c\u6765\u8bb2\u8ff0\u52a8\u7269\u53d8\u8eab\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u5427\u3002
      \u5728\u8fd9\u5e45\u4f5c\u54c1\u91cc\uff0c\u753b\u5bb6\u901a\u8fc7\u63cf\u7ed8\u9c7c\u5c3e\u7684\u626d\u52a8\u548c\u5f2f\u66f2\u7684\u6c34\u7eb9\u6765\u5c55\u793a\u5411\u4e0a\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u6001\u52bf\u3002\u60f3\u4e00\u60f3\u5728\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6f2b\u753b\u91cc\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u7ebf\u6761\u548c\u56fe\u50cf\u6765\u5c55\u793a\u201c\u79fb\u52a8\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

      \n
      \n

      Katsushika Hokusai (1760\u20131849)
      Eagle in the Snow 1843
      hanging scroll, ink and colour on paper
      Tekisuiken Cultural Foundation
      Look at this eagle and how carefully the artist Hokusai has drawn it. You can see every single feather on its wings.
      How would you describe the look on the eagle\u2019s face? Look in the mirror and try to copy the expression.
      Hokusai loved drawing powerful birds of prey \u2013 like eagles and hawks. He even made a picture book about how to draw and colour them. Some people say that he may have thought that he was like an eagle.
      Which bird represents you? Why did you pick that bird? Use a sharp pencil or coloured pencil to draw yourself as a bird. Try to show it in profile (from the side) like Hokusai has. What will you call your bird\/human combination?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

      \n

      \u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b \uff081760-1849\uff09
      \u96ea\u9e70\u56fe 1843\u5e74
      \u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7eb8\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272
      \u6458\u6c34\u8f69\u7eaa\u5ff5\u6587\u5316\u632f\u5174\u8d22\u56e2\u85cf
      \u4ed4\u7ec6\u770b\u4e00\u770b\u8fd9\u53ea\u88ab\u5317\u658b\u7ec6\u817b\u523b\u753b\u7684\u8001\u9e70\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u6e05\u5b83\u6bcf\u53ea\u7fc5\u8180\u4e0a\u7684\u7fbd\u6bdb\u3002
      \u8fd9\u53ea\u8001\u9e70\u6709\u7740\u600e\u6837\u7684\u8868\u60c5\uff1f\u5728\u955c\u5b50\u91cc\u8bd5\u7740\u6a21\u4eff\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b83\u7684\u8868\u60c5\u3002
      \u5317\u658b\u559c\u6b22\u753b\u51f6\u731b\u7684\u98de\u79bd\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u9e70\u548c\u96bc\u3002\u4ed6\u751a\u81f3\u7f16\u8457\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u5982\u4f55\u753b\u8001\u9e70\u7684\u6559\u6750\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u731c\u60f3\uff0c\u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u53ea\u96c4\u9e70\uff1f
      \u4f60\u60f3\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u6bd4\u4f5c\u4e00\u53ea\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u98de\u79bd\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u7528\u4e00\u652f\u94c5\u7b14\uff08\u6216\u5f69\u94c5\uff09\u6765\u521b\u4f5c\u4e00\u5e45\u4f60\u548c\u98de\u79bd\u6df7\u5408\u4f53\u7684\u4fa7\u9762\u50cf\uff08\u50cf\u5317\u658b\u753b\u7684\u9e70\u4e00\u6837\uff09\u3002\u4f60\u4f1a\u600e\u6837\u547d\u540d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u8272\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

      \n
      \n

      Katsushika Hokusai (1760\u20131849)
      Japan
      Moon and Rabbit 1857
      hanging scroll, ink and colour on paper
      Private collection
      This scroll shows a moon rabbit from Asian folklore. The idea came from markings on the moon that looked like this rabbit. Find a photo of the moon. Can you spot a shape that looks like this?
      This rabbit is making mochi (rice cakes) for a festival about the autumn moon. This is painted from the artist\u2019s imagination. Let your imagination run wild in a painting or drawing or collage. Create a picture of an animal wearing a costume and making some food. Which time of day or night will you show it in? If you have a pet, draw it from real life to start you off.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

      \n

      \u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b\uff081760-1849\uff09
      \u65e5\u672c
      \u7389\u5154 1857\u5e74
      \u7acb\u8f74\uff0c\u7eb8\u672c\u6c34\u58a8\u8bbe\u8272
      \u79c1\u4eba\u85cf\u54c1
      \u8fd9\u5e45\u4f5c\u54c1\u7ed8\u5236\u4e86\u4e1c\u4e9a\u6c11\u95f4\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u7684\u7389\u5154\u3002\u53e4\u4eba\u770b\u5230\u6708\u4eae\u4e0a\u7684\u9634\u5f71\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u53ea\u5154\u5b50\u3002\u627e\u4e00\u5e45\u6708\u4eae\u7684\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u7740\u5154\u5b50\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u9634\u5f71\uff1f
      \u8fd9\u53ea\u5154\u5b50\u6b63\u5728\u4e3a\u5e86\u795d\u4e2d\u79cb\u8282\u800c\u5236\u505a\u9ebb\u7cec\uff08\u4e00\u79cd\u7cef\u7c73\u5236\u6210\u7684\u7cd5\u70b9\uff09\u3002\u753b\u5bb6\u5b8c\u5168\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u521b\u4f5c\u4e86\u8fd9\u5e45\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u53d1\u6325\u4f60\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\u6765\u521b\u4f5c\u4e00\u5e45\u7a7f\u7740\u8863\u670d\u7684\u5c0f\u52a8\u7269\u70f9\u5236\u98df\u7269\u7684\u56fe\u753b\u6216\u8005\u62fc\u8d34\u753b\u3002\u4f60\u4f1a\u5728\u753b\u4e2d\u63cf\u7ed8\u767d\u5929\u8fd8\u662f\u591c\u665a\u7684\u573a\u666f\u5462\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u5ba0\u7269\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c31\u5148\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u505a\u4f60\u7684\u6a21\u7279\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
      \n
      \n

      Utagawa Hiroshige (1797\u20131858)
      Japan
      Great Waves of S\u014dsh\u016b Shichiriga-hama
      circa 1847
      This shows a beach area that is famous for its huge and scary waves. You can see that the biggest wave is frozen at the moment just before it crashes back into the sea. Follow the lines around the wave with your eyes or your finger. How would you describe these lines? Wiggly? Fast? Slow?
      Imagine you are inside this scene. What would the sea sound like? How does it feel to be in the water? Is it cold or warm? What can you see between the waves? Think about where you would put yourself in the picture. Are you surfing on top of the wave? Are you under the water? Or safe on the beach looking at it?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

      \n

      \u4e8c\u4ee3\u76ee\u6b4c\u5ddd\u5e7f\u91cd \uff081826-1869\uff09
      \u65e5\u672c
      \u76f8\u5dde\u4e03\u91cc\u6ee8\u4e4b\u6ce2\u6d9b
      \u7ea61847\u5e74
      \u8fd9\u5e45\u753b\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u4ee5\u6c79\u6d8c\u9a87\u4eba\u7684\u6ce2\u6d9b\u800c\u51fa\u540d\u7684\u6d77\u6e7e\u3002\u753b\u5bb6\u628a\u5373\u5c06\u5954\u6d8c\u56de\u5927\u6d77\u7684\u6ce2\u6d9b\u5b9a\u683c\u4e86\u3002\u7528\u4f60\u7684\u624b\u6307\u987a\u7740\u6ce2\u6d9b\u7684\u7ebf\u6761\u5212\u8fc7\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u600e\u6837\u5f62\u5bb9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ebf\u6761\uff1f\u662f\u66f2\u6298\u3001\u8fc5\u731b\u3001\u8fd8\u662f\u7f13\u6162\uff1f
      \u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e0b\u4f60\u8eab\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u3002\u5927\u6d77\u4f1a\u53d1\u51fa\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\uff1f\u6d77\u6d6a\u7684\u89e6\u611f\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\uff1f\u662f\u51b0\u51b7\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u6e29\u6696\u7684\uff1f\u4f60\u5728\u6d77\u6d6a\u4e2d\u80fd\u770b\u89c1\u4ec0\u4e48\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff1f\u4f60\u60f3\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u653e\u5728\u753b\u4e2d\u7684\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\uff1f\u662f\u5728\u6d6a\u5c16\u51b2\u6d6a\uff1f\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u6d77\u5e95\u6f5c\u6c34\uff1f\u6216\u662f\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6d77\u6ee9\u4e0a\u89c2\u770b\u6f6e\u8d77\u6f6e\u843d\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u845b\u9970\u5317\u658b\u827a\u672f\u5c55\u54c1\u7ffb\u8bd1 \u5965\u514b\u5170\u7f8e\u672f\u99862020\u5e743\u6708-8\u6708 Auckland Art Gallery March […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-146","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pearlwhare.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/146","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pearlwhare.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pearlwhare.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pearlwhare.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pearlwhare.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=146"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/pearlwhare.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/146\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":163,"href":"https:\/\/pearlwhare.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/146\/revisions\/163"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pearlwhare.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=146"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}